*,*::before,*::after{box-sizing:border-box;}
html{scroll-behavior:smooth;}
body{font-family:'Poppins', sans-serif;background:var(--cream);color:var(--ink);overflow-x:hidden;}
::-webkit-scrollbar{width:6px;}
::-webkit-scrollbar-track{background:var(--cream2);}
::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background:var(--maroon);border-radius:3px;}
a{text-decoration:none;}



#topbar{background:var(--topbar-bg);font-size:12.5px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.78);padding:5px 0;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.08);}
#topbar a{color:var(--topbar-text);text-decoration:none;transition:color .2s;font-weight:500;font-size:12.5px;white-space:nowrap;}
#topbar a:hover{color:var(--topbar-hover);}
#topbar a i{font-size:11px;}
.tb-div{display:inline-block;width:1px;height:14px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.25);margin:0 6px;vertical-align:middle;}
.tb-user{color:var(--topbar-text);opacity:.85;font-size:12px;white-space:nowrap;}
.tb-user i{font-size:11px;}
.soc-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:24px;height:24px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.12);border-radius:5px;color:var(--topbar-text)!important;font-size:11px;transition:background .2s,color .2s!important;}
.soc-btn:hover{background:var(--gold)!important;color:#fff!important;}


#brandBar{background:var(--navbar-bg);border-bottom:3px solid var(--maroon);position:sticky;top:0;z-index:1050;padding:0;}
.navbar-brand img{height:65px;}
.brand-text strong{display:block;font-family:'Jost', sans-serif;font-size:14px;color:var(--nav-link);line-height:1.2;}
.brand-text small{font-size:11px;color:var(--nav-link);letter-spacing:.4px;opacity:.75;}
.navbar-toggler{border-color:var(--maroon);}
.navbar-toggler-icon{background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 30 30'%3e%3cpath stroke='%23860202' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-miterlimit='10' stroke-width='2' d='M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22'/%3e%3c/svg%3e");}
@keyframes fdDown{from{opacity:0;transform:translateY(-8px);}to{opacity:1;transform:none;}}
.srch-form input{border:1.5px solid var(--border);border-right:none;border-radius:var(--r) 0 0 var(--r);padding:6px 14px;font-size:13px;width:170px;background:var(--cream);outline:none;font-family:inherit;transition:border-color .2s,width .3s;}
.srch-form input:focus{border-color:var(--maroon);width:210px;}
.srch-form button{background:var(--maroon);color:#fff;border:none;padding:6px 14px;border-radius:0 var(--r) var(--r) 0;font-size:13px;cursor:pointer;transition:background .2s;}
.srch-form button:hover{background:var(--maroon-dark);}


#hero{position:relative;background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--maroon-dark) 0%,var(--maroon) 55%,var(--maroon-mid) 100%);padding:15px 0 15px;overflow:hidden;}
#hero::before{content:'';position:absolute;inset:0;background:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='60' height='60' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cg fill='%23fff' fill-opacity='.04'%3E%3Cpath d='M36 34v-4h-2v4h-4v2h4v4h2v-4h4v-2h-4zm0-30V0h-2v4h-4v2h4v4h2V6h4V4h-4zM6 34v-4H4v4H0v2h4v4h2v-4h4v-2H6zM6 4V0H4v4H0v2h4v4h2V6h4V4H6z'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");}
.h-eyebrow{display:inline-block;background:rgba(255,255,255,.14);border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.22);color:var(--gold-lt);font-size:11px;letter-spacing:2px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:5px 18px;border-radius:30px;margin-bottom:16px;animation:fuUp .6s ease both;}
#hero h1{font-family:'Jost', sans-serif;font-size:clamp(1.9rem,4vw,3rem);color:#fff;line-height:1.2;animation:fuUp .7s .1s ease both;}
#hero .lead{color:rgba(255,255,255,.82);font-size:15px;animation:fuUp .7s .2s ease both;}
.h-badge{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.12);border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.2);color:#fff;font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 14px;border-radius:30px;margin:3px;animation:fuUp .7s .3s ease both;}
.h-badge i{color:var(--gold-lt);}
.h-acts{animation:fuUp .7s .4s ease both;}
.btn-hp{background:var(--gold);color:#fff;border:none;border-radius:var(--r);padding:11px 28px;font-weight:700;font-size:14px;text-decoration:none;transition:background .2s,transform .2s;display:inline-block;}
.btn-hp:hover{background:var(--gold-lt);color:var(--maroon-dark);transform:translateY(-2px);}
.btn-ho{background:transparent;color:#fff;border:2px solid rgba(255,255,255,.5);border-radius:var(--r);padding:11px 28px;font-weight:600;font-size:14px;text-decoration:none;transition:all .2s;display:inline-block;}
.btn-ho:hover{border-color:#fff;background:rgba(255,255,255,.12);color:#fff;transform:translateY(-2px);}
@keyframes fuUp{from{opacity:0;transform:translateY(22px);}to{opacity:1;transform:none;}}


#archiveHero, #issueHero, #articleHero {background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--maroon-dark) 0%,var(--maroon) 55%,var(--maroon-mid) 100%);padding:44px 0 36px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;}
#archiveHero::before, #issueHero::before, #articleHero::before {content:'';inset:0;background:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='60' height='60' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cg fill='%23fff' fill-opacity='.04'%3E%3Cpath d='M36 34v-4h-2v4h-4v2h4v4h2v-4h4v-2h-4zm0-30V0h-2v4h-4v2h4v4h2V6h4V4h-4zM6 34v-4H4v4H0v2h4v4h2v-4h4v-2H6zM6 4V0H4v4H0v2h4v4h2V6h4V4H6z'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");}
.hero-eyebrow, .hero-section-label {display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.13);border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.22);color:#cbb366;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:2px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:5px 16px;border-radius:30px;margin-bottom:14px; font-weight:bold;}
#archiveHero h1, #issueHero h1, .article-hero-title {font-family:'Jost', sans-serif;font-size:clamp(1.7rem,3.5vw,2.6rem);color:#fff;line-height:1.2;margin-bottom:8px;font-weight:bold;font-size:24px;}
#archiveHero p {color:rgba(255,255,255,.75);font-size:14px;margin-bottom:0;}
#issueHero .sub {color:rgba(255,255,255,.75);font-size:14.5px;margin-bottom:18px;}
.cover-hero{max-height:260px;border-radius:10px;box-shadow:0 20px 56px rgba(0,0,0,.42);border:3px solid rgba(255,255,255,.18);transition:transform .3s;}
.cover-hero:hover{transform:translateY(-5px) scale(1.02);}
.hero-author-chip{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.12);border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.2);color:#fff;font-size:12px;padding:5px 14px;border-radius:30px;margin:3px;}
.hero-author-chip i{color:var(--gold-lt);}
.hero-meta-row{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:16px;}
.hero-meta-chip{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:5px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.1);border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.15);color:rgba(255,255,255,.8);font-size:11.5px;padding:4px 12px;border-radius:6px;}
.hero-meta-chip i{color:var(--gold-lt);font-size:10px;}


.bc-bar{background:var(--white);border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);padding:10px 0;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--muted);}
.breadcrumb{margin:0;background:none;padding:0;}
.breadcrumb-item a{color:var(--maroon);text-decoration:none;}
.breadcrumb-item.active{color:var(--muted);}
.breadcrumb-item+.breadcrumb-item::before{color:var(--muted);}


#statsBar{background:var(--white);border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);padding:22px 0;}
.stat-num{  font-family: "Oleo Script";font-size:2rem;color:var(--maroon);line-height:1;     font-weight: bold;}
.stat-lbl{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.5px;margin-top:2px;font-weight:bold;}
.stat-div{width:1px;background:var(--border);height:44px;}


.sec-ttl, .section-heading {font-family:'Jost', sans-serif;color:var(--maroon);font-size:1.5rem;position:relative;padding-bottom:10px;margin-bottom:24px;}
.sec-ttl::after, .section-heading::after {content:'';position:absolute;left:0;bottom:0;width:44px;height:3px;background:var(--gold);border-radius:2px;}
.sec-ttl.ctr{text-align:center;}
.sec-ttl.ctr::after{left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);}


#mostViewed{background:var(--white);padding:52px 0;}
.mv-card{border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--r);padding:18px;height:260px;background:var(--cream);transition:box-shadow .25s,transform .25s,border-color .25s;position:relative;overflow:hidden;}
.mv-card::before{content:'';position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:4px;height:100%;background:var(--maroon);transform:scaleY(0);transform-origin:bottom;transition:transform .3s;}
.mv-card:hover::before{transform:scaleY(1);}
.mv-card:hover{box-shadow:var(--sh-md);transform:translateY(-4px);border-color:#f5d0d0;}
.mv-rank{font-family:'Jost', sans-serif;font-size:2rem;color:var(--border);line-height:1;float:right;margin-left:8px;}
.mv-card h6{font-family:'Poppins', sans-serif;font-size:13.5px;line-height:1.45;margin-bottom:10px;color:var(--ink);}
.mv-card h6 a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none;}
.mv-card h6 a:hover{color:var(--maroon);}
.mv-meta{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:2px;}
.mv-meta span{color:var(--maroon);font-weight:600;}
.view-chip{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:5px;background:var(--maroon);color:#fff;font-size:11px;padding:3px 10px;border-radius:20px;margin-top:10px;position:absolute; bottom:10%;}


#mainContent{padding:52px 0;}
.issue-block{background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--r);padding:26px;box-shadow:var(--sh-sm);margin-bottom:36px;}
.issue-cover{width:100%;max-width:180px;border-radius:8px;border:1px solid var(--border);box-shadow:var(--sh-sm);}
.issue-ttl{font-family:'Jost', sans-serif;color:var(--maroon);font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.3;}
.mpill{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;background:#fef5f5;border:1px solid #f5d0d0;color:var(--slate);font-size:12.5px;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:6px;margin:3px 3px 3px 0;}
.mpill i{color:var(--maroon);font-size:11px;}
.mpill b{color:var(--maroon);}


.art-card{background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--border);border-left:4px solid transparent;border-radius:var(--r);padding:20px 22px;transition:border-color .25s,box-shadow .25s,transform .25s;margin-bottom:14px;}
.art-card:hover{border-left-color:var(--maroon);box-shadow:var(--sh-sm);transform:translateX(4px);}
.art-num-badge{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:28px;height:28px;background:var(--maroon);color:#fff;border-radius:6px;font-family:'Jost', sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;flex-shrink:0;margin-right:10px;}
.art-card h5{font-family:'Poppins', sans-serif;font-size:14.5px;line-height:1.45;margin-bottom:8px;}
.art-card h5 a{color:var(--ink);text-decoration:none;}
.art-card h5 a:hover{color:var(--maroon);}
.art-card .am, .art-meta-row {font-size:12.5px;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:3px;}
.art-card .am i, .art-meta-row i {color:var(--maroon);width:14px;}
.art-stats{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;margin-top:4px;flex-wrap:wrap;}
.stat-chip{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:4px;font-size:13px;color:var(--muted);background:var(--cream2);border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:20px;padding:3px 10px;font-weight:bold;}
.stat-chip i{font-size:13px;color:var(--maroon);}
.btn-pdf{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;background:var(--maroon);color:#fff!important;font-size:12px;font-weight:600;padding:6px 16px;border-radius:6px;text-decoration:none;transition:background .2s,transform .2s;margin-top:10px;}
.btn-pdf:hover{background:var(--maroon-dark);transform:translateY(-1px);}


.year-section{margin-bottom:36px;}
.year-header{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:14px;margin-bottom:16px;}
.year-badge{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:var(--maroon);color:#fff;font-family:'Jost', sans-serif;font-size:18px;font-weight:700;padding:6px 18px;border-radius:8px;min-width:72px;box-shadow:0 4px 14px rgba(134,2,2,.3);}
.year-line{flex:1;height:1px;background:linear-gradient(to right,var(--border),transparent);}

.issue-card{position:relative;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:16px;padding:16px 20px;border-radius:10px;background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--border);border-left:4px solid var(--maroon);text-decoration:none;transition:all .25s ease;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:12px;}
.issue-card:hover{transform:translateY(-3px);box-shadow:var(--sh-md);border-color:var(--maroon);border-left-color:var(--maroon);}
.issue-card:hover .issue-arrow{transform:translateX(6px);color:var(--maroon);}

.issue-icon{width:42px;height:42px;background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--maroon),var(--maroon-mid));color:#fff;border-radius:8px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font-size:16px;flex-shrink:0;box-shadow:0 4px 12px rgba(134,2,2,.25);}
.issue-info{flex:1;min-width:0;}
.issue-title{font-family:'Poppins', sans-serif;font-size:14.5px;font-weight:600;color:var(--ink);line-height:1.35;margin-bottom:4px;}
.issue-card:hover .issue-title{color:var(--maroon);}
.issue-meta{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;}
.issue-count{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:4px;background:#fef5f5;border:1px solid #f5d0d0;color:var(--maroon);font-size:11px;font-weight:600;padding:2px 9px;border-radius:20px;}
.issue-arrow{font-size:18px;color:var(--muted);transition:transform .25s,color .25s;flex-shrink:0;}
.latest-tag{position:absolute;top:10px;right:10px;background:var(--gold);color:#fff;font-size:10px;font-weight:700;padding:2px 9px;border-radius:20px;letter-spacing:.4px;text-transform:uppercase;}

.arch-pagination{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:18px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--border);margin-top:8px;font-size:13px;color:var(--muted);}
.page-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;background:var(--white);border:1.5px solid var(--border);color:var(--slate);font-size:13px;font-weight:600;padding:8px 18px;border-radius:8px;text-decoration:none;transition:all .2s;}
.page-btn:hover,.page-btn.active{background:var(--maroon);color:#fff;border-color:var(--maroon);}


.article-body-wrap{padding:48px 0 64px;}
.content-card{background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--r);padding:32px 36px;box-shadow:var(--sh-xs);margin-bottom:24px;}
.abstract-text{font-family:'Poppins', sans-serif;font-size:15px;color:var(--slate);line-height:1.85;text-align:justify;}
.abstract-text p{margin-bottom:0;}
.kw-tag{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;background:#fef5f5;border:1px solid #f5d0d0;color:var(--maroon);font-size:12.5px;font-weight:600;padding:5px 13px;border-radius:20px;margin:3px;}
.ref-list{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0;}
.ref-list li{padding:8px 0 8px 20px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);font-family:'Poppins', sans-serif;font-size:13.5px;color:var(--slate);line-height:1.6;position:relative;}
.ref-list li:last-child{border-bottom:none;}
.ref-list li::before{content:'';position:absolute;left:0;top:16px;width:8px;height:2px;background:var(--maroon);border-radius:1px;}
.ref-list li a{color:var(--maroon);word-break:break-all;}
.ref-list li a:hover{text-decoration:underline;}
.refs-collapsed .ref-list li:nth-child(n+6){display:none;}
.show-more-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;background:transparent;border:1.5px solid var(--maroon);color:var(--maroon);font-size:13px;font-weight:600;padding:8px 20px;border-radius:6px;cursor:pointer;margin-top:14px;transition:all .2s;font-family:'Poppins', sans-serif;}
.show-more-btn:hover{background:var(--maroon);color:#fff;}


.sb-box{background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:var(--r);overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:24px;box-shadow:var(--sh-xs);}
.sb-hd{background:var(--maroon);color:#fff;font-family:'Jost', sans-serif;font-size:15px;padding:11px 18px;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;}
.sb-bd{padding:18px;}
.cfp-box{background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--maroon-dark) 0%,var(--maroon-mid) 100%);border-radius:var(--r);padding:22px 18px;text-align:center;margin-bottom:24px;}
.cfp-box h5{font-family:'Jost', sans-serif;color:var(--gold-lt);font-size:20px !important;margin-bottom:12px;}
.btn-cfp{display:inline-block;background:var(--gold);color:#fff!important;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;padding:10px 24px;border-radius:30px;text-decoration:none;transition:background .2s,transform .2s;animation:glow 2.5s infinite;}
.btn-cfp:hover{background:var(--gold-lt);color:var(--maroon-dark);transform:scale(1.05);}
@keyframes glow{0%,100%{box-shadow:0 0 0 0 rgba(201,151,58,.5);}50%{box-shadow:0 0 0 10px rgba(201,151,58,0);}}
.ann-item{padding:14px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);}
.ann-item:last-child{border-bottom:none;padding-bottom:0;}
.ann-item h6{font-size:13px;line-height:1.4;margin-bottom:5px;}
.ann-item h6 a{color:var(--ink);text-decoration:none;}
.ann-item h6 a:hover{color:var(--maroon);}
.ann-dt{font-size:11.5px;color:var(--muted);}
.ann-ex{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.5;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:3;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;overflow:hidden;margin-top:5px;}


.stat-row{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:10px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);}
.stat-row:last-child{border-bottom:none;}
.stat-label{font-size:13px;color:var(--slate);display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;}
.stat-label i{color:var(--maroon);width:16px;text-align:center;}
.stat-value{font-family:'Jost', sans-serif;font-size:17px;color:var(--maroon);font-weight:700;}

.info-table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;}
.info-table tr{border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);}
.info-table tr:last-child{border-bottom:none;}
.info-table td{padding:8px 4px;font-size:13px;vertical-align:top;line-height:1.4;}
.info-table td:first-child{color:var(--muted);font-size:11.5px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.5px;font-weight:600;width:100px;padding-top:9px;}
.info-table td:last-child{color:var(--slate);}

.quick-link{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;padding:9px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);color:var(--slate);font-size:13.5px;text-decoration:none;transition:color .2s,padding-left .2s;}
.quick-link:last-child{border-bottom:none;}
.quick-link:hover{color:var(--maroon);padding-left:6px;}
.quick-link i{color:var(--maroon);width:16px;font-size:12px;}


.si-car .carousel-inner img{border-radius:8px;border:1px solid var(--border);width:100%; height:250px;}
.si-car .carousel-control-prev,.si-car .carousel-control-next{width:30px;height:30px;background:var(--maroon);border-radius:50%;top:38%;bottom:auto;opacity:.9;}
.si-car .carousel-control-prev{left:4px;}.si-car .carousel-control-next{right:4px;}
.si-car .carousel-control-prev-icon,.si-car .carousel-control-next-icon{width:14px;height:14px;}
.si-lbl{font-family:'Jost', sans-serif;font-size:13px;color:var(--maroon);text-align:center;margin-top:8px;display:block;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;}
.si-lbl:hover{text-decoration:underline;}


.p-step{display:flex;gap:14px;align-items:flex-start;margin-bottom:16px;position:relative;}
.p-step::before{content:'';position:absolute;left:19px;top:42px;width:2px;height:calc(100% + 4px);background:linear-gradient(to bottom,var(--maroon),#f5d0d0);}
.p-step:last-child::before{display:none;}
.p-num{width:40px;height:40px;flex-shrink:0;background:var(--white);border:2px solid var(--maroon);border-radius:8px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font-family:'Jost', sans-serif;font-size:17px;color:var(--maroon);font-weight:900;z-index:1;transition:background .2s,color .2s;}
.p-step:hover .p-num{background:var(--maroon);color:#fff;}
.p-body{flex:1;background:#fef5f5;border:1px solid #f5d0d0;border-left:3px solid var(--maroon);border-radius:8px;padding:10px 14px;transition:transform .2s,box-shadow .2s;}
.p-step:hover .p-body{transform:translateX(4px);box-shadow:var(--sh-xs);}
.p-body h6{font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;color:var(--ink);margin-bottom:3px;}
.p-body p{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);margin:0;line-height:1.45;}


.cf-group{margin-bottom:13px;}
.cf-label{display:block;font-size:11.5px;font-weight:600;color:var(--slate);margin-bottom:4px;}
.cf-input,.cf-textarea{width:100%;border:1.5px solid var(--border);border-radius:6px;padding:8px 12px;font-family:'Poppins', sans-serif;font-size:13px;color:var(--ink);background:var(--cream);outline:none;transition:border-color .2s;}
.cf-input:focus,.cf-textarea:focus{border-color:var(--maroon);background:#fff;}
.cf-textarea{min-height:76px;resize:vertical;}
::placeholder{color:rgba(120,110,104,.55);}
.cf-submit{background:var(--maroon);color:#fff;border:none;padding:10px 24px;font-family:'Poppins', sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;cursor:pointer;border-radius:6px;transition:background .2s,transform .15s;}
.cf-submit:hover{background:var(--maroon-dark);transform:translateY(-1px);}


.btn-pdf-lg{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:10px;background:var(--maroon);color:#fff!important;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;padding:13px 20px;border-radius:8px;text-decoration:none;transition:background .2s,transform .2s;width:100%;margin-bottom:10px;}
.btn-pdf-lg:hover{background:var(--maroon-dark);transform:translateY(-2px);}
.btn-pdf-lg i{font-size:18px;}
.meta-item{display:flex;flex-direction:column;padding:9px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);}
.meta-item:last-child{border-bottom:none;}
.meta-key{font-size:10.5px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.5px;color:var(--muted);font-weight:600;margin-bottom:3px;}
.meta-val{font-size:13px;color:var(--slate);line-height:1.4;}
.meta-val a{color:var(--maroon);}
.meta-val a:hover{text-decoration:underline;}
.author-card{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;padding:10px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border);}
.author-card:last-child{border-bottom:none;}
.author-avatar{width:40px;height:40px;border-radius:50%;background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--maroon),var(--maroon-mid));color:#fff;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font-family:'Jost', sans-serif;font-size:16px;font-weight:700;flex-shrink:0;}
.author-name-text{font-size:13.5px;font-weight:600;color:var(--ink);}
.cite-box{background:var(--cream2);border:1px solid var(--border);border-left:3px solid var(--maroon);border-radius:6px;padding:13px 14px;font-family:'Poppins', sans-serif;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--slate);line-height:1.65;}
.copy-cite-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:5px;background:var(--maroon);color:#fff;border:none;font-size:11.5px;font-weight:600;padding:6px 14px;border-radius:5px;cursor:pointer;margin-top:10px;font-family:'Poppins', sans-serif;transition:background .2s;}
.copy-cite-btn:hover{background:var(--maroon-dark);}
.share-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;border:1.5px solid var(--border);color:var(--slate);font-size:12.5px;font-weight:600;padding:7px 14px;border-radius:6px;text-decoration:none;transition:all .2s;background:var(--cream);}
.share-btn:hover{border-color:var(--maroon);color:var(--maroon);background:#fef5f5;}
.share-btn i{font-size:13px;}
.license-wrap img{border-radius:4px;border:1px solid var(--border);}
.license-wrap p{font-size:12.5px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.55;margin-top:8px;margin-bottom:0;}
.license-wrap a{color:var(--maroon);}
.stat-badge{display:inline-flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;background:var(--cream2);border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:8px;padding:10px 18px;min-width:80px;}
.stat-badge .num{font-family:'Jost', sans-serif;font-size:22px;color:var(--maroon);font-weight:700;line-height:1;}
.stat-badge .lbl{font-size:10.5px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.4px;color:var(--muted);margin-top:3px;}


#aboutSec{background:var(--white);padding:56px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--border);}
.about-body{font-family:'Poppins', sans-serif;font-size:15px;color:var(--slate);line-height:1.8;text-align:justify;}
.aim-card{display:flex;gap:12px;align-items:flex-start;background:var(--cream);border:1px solid var(--border);border-radius:8px;padding:14px;transition:box-shadow .2s,transform .2s;margin-bottom:12px;}
.aim-card:hover{box-shadow:var(--sh-sm);transform:translateY(-2px);}
.aim-ico{width:38px;height:38px;flex-shrink:0;background:var(--maroon);color:#fff;border-radius:8px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font-size:15px;}
.aim-card p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--slate);margin:0;line-height:1.45;}


.btn-m{background:var(--maroon);color:#fff!important;border:2px solid var(--maroon);border-radius:var(--r);font-size:14px;font-weight:600;padding:9px 26px;text-decoration:none;transition:background .2s,color .2s,transform .2s;display:inline-block;}
.btn-m:hover{background:transparent;color:var(--maroon)!important;transform:translateY(-2px);}
.btn-om{background:transparent;color:var(--maroon)!important;border:2px solid var(--maroon);border-radius:var(--r);font-size:13.5px;font-weight:600;padding:8px 22px;text-decoration:none;transition:background .2s,color .2s;display:inline-block;}
.btn-om:hover{background:var(--maroon);color:#fff!important;}


.rv{opacity:0;transform:translateY(24px);transition:opacity .55s ease,transform .55s ease;}
.rv.vis{opacity:1;transform:none;}
.rv-d1{transition-delay:.1s;}.rv-d2{transition-delay:.2s;}.rv-d3{transition-delay:.3s;}.rv-d4{transition-delay:.4s;}


#footer{background:#3b3838;color:rgba(255,255,255,.7);padding-top:52px;}
#footer h5{font-family:'Jost', sans-serif;color:#fff;font-size:20px !important;padding-bottom:10px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.1);margin-bottom:18px;}
#footer ul{list-style:none;padding:0;}
#footer ul li{margin-bottom:8px;}
#footer ul li a{color:rgba(255,255,255,.6);text-decoration:none;font-size:13.5px;transition:color .2s,padding-left .2s;}
#footer ul li a:hover{color:var(--gold-lt);padding-left:5px;}
#footer p{font-size:13px;line-height:1.7;color:rgba(255,255,255,.6);}
#footer p b{color:rgba(255,255,255,.85);}
.ft-logo{height:52px;width:52px;border-radius:50%;border:2px solid var(--maroon);}
.ft-soc a{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:34px;height:34px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.08);border-radius:8px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.7);font-size:14px;margin-right:6px;text-decoration:none;transition:background .2s,color .2s;}
.ft-soc a:hover{background:var(--gold);color:#fff;}
#ftBtm{background:rgba(0,0,0,.4);padding:14px 0;margin-top:40px;font-size:12.5px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.4);text-align:center;}


#btt{position:fixed;bottom:28px;right:28px;width:42px;height:42px;background:var(--maroon);color:#fff;border:none;border-radius:50%;font-size:18px;cursor:pointer;box-shadow:var(--sh-md);opacity:0;pointer-events:none;transition:opacity .3s,transform .3s;z-index:999;}
#btt.show{opacity:1;pointer-events:all;}
#btt:hover{transform:translateY(-3px);background:var(--maroon-dark);}

@media(max-width:768px){
  /* Hide topbar completely on mobile */
  /* #topbar { display: none !important; } */
  /* NAVBAR — logo left, toggler right */
  #brandBar .container { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; padding-left: 12px; padding-right: 12px; }
  #brandBar .navbar-brand { margin-right: auto; }
  #brandBar .navbar-toggler { margin-left: auto; }
  /* NAVBAR LOGO */
  .navbar-brand img { height: 44px !important; width: 44px !important; }
  .brand-text strong { font-size: 12px; }
  .brand-text small { font-size: 10px; }
  /* LAYOUT */
  .srch-form{display:none!important;}
  .issue-block .d-flex{flex-direction:column;}
  .issue-block .flex-row{flex-direction:column!important;}
  .issue-cover{max-width:100%;margin-bottom:16px;}
  #issueHero .col-lg-5{display:none;}
  .content-card{padding:20px 18px;}
}
@media(max-width:480px){
  .navbar-brand img { height: 38px !important; width: 38px !important; }
}

/* Hide OJS default breadcrumbs — theme uses its own .bc-bar */
.cmp_breadcrumbs { display: none !important; }
.most-viewed.obj_article_summary {
    display: none;
}
    



/* OJS pkp_navigation_primary → custom nav */
#mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary { display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0; padding-left:0; list-style:none; }
#mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary > li { position: relative; }
#mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary > li > a { font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; color: var(--nav-link) !important; padding: 18px 12px !important; border-bottom: 3px solid transparent; transition: color .2s, border-color .2s; display: block; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap; }
#mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary > li > a:hover,
#mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary > li.current > a { color: var(--nav-hover) !important; border-bottom-color: var(--nav-hover); }
/* Submenu */
#mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary ul { display: none; position: absolute; top: 100%; left: 0; background: var(--submenu-bg); min-width: 210px; z-index: 1000; padding: 8px 0; border-top: 2px solid var(--nav-hover); border-radius: 0 0 var(--r) var(--r); box-shadow: var(--sh-md); list-style: none; }
#mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary li:hover > ul { display: block; animation: fdDown .2s ease; }
#mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary ul li { display: block; width: 100%; }
#mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary ul li a { padding: 8px 18px !important; font-size: 13px; border-bottom: none !important; color: var(--submenu-link) !important; transition: background .2s, padding-left .2s; display: block; text-decoration: none; }
#mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary ul li a:hover { background: #fef5f5; color: var(--nav-hover); padding-left: 24px !important; }
@media (max-width: 991px) {
    #mainNav.offcanvas-lg { max-width: 70% !important; }
    #mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary { flex-direction: column; padding: 0; }
    
    /* Top level items */
    #mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary > li { border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.06); }
    #mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary > li:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
    
    /* Top level links */
    #mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary > li > a { 
        padding: 15px 20px !important; 
        border-bottom: none !important; 
        display: flex !important; 
        align-items: center; 
        justify-content: space-between;
        font-weight: 600;
        font-size: 14.5px;
        color: var(--ink) !important;
        background: var(--white);
        transition: all 0.2s;
    }
    #mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary > li > a:hover,
    #mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary > li.mobile-open > a {
        background: #fdf5f5;
        color: var(--maroon) !important;
    }

    /* Chevron rotation */
    #mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary > li.mobile-open > a .mobile-caret {
        transform: rotate(180deg);
        color: var(--maroon);
        opacity: 1 !important;
    }
    
    /* Hide native caret */
    #mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary > li > a .caret { display: none !important; }

    /* Submenu container */
    #mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary ul { 
        position: static; 
        box-shadow: inset 0 3px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.02); 
        border: none !important; 
        background: #faf7f5; 
        padding: 0 !important; 
        border-radius: 0; 
        animation: none; 
        display: block !important; 
        max-height: 0; 
        overflow: hidden; 
        transition: max-height 0.35s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1); 
    }
    #mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary li:hover > ul { max-height: 0; }
    #mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary li.mobile-open > ul { max-height: 1000px; }
    
    /* Submenu links */
    #mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary ul li { border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.03); }
    #mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary ul li:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
    
    #mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary ul li a {
        padding: 12px 20px 12px 36px !important; 
        font-size: 13.5px;
        color: var(--slate) !important;
        font-weight: 500;
        position: relative;
        background: transparent;
        transition: all 0.2s;
        display: block;
    }
    
    /* Bullet accent */
    #mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary ul li a::before {
        content: '';
        position: absolute;
        left: 20px;
        top: 50%;
        transform: translateY(-50%);
        width: 5px;
        height: 5px;
        border-radius: 50%;
        background: var(--maroon);
        opacity: 0.3;
        transition: all 0.2s;
    }
    
    #mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary ul li a:hover {
        background: #fdf2f2;
        color: var(--maroon) !important;
        padding-left: 42px !important;
    }
    #mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary ul li a:hover::before {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(-50%) scale(1.4);
    }
}
@media (min-width: 992px) {
    .mobile-caret { display: none !important; }
}

.dropdown-toggle::after {
    display:none !important;
}

#mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary > li > a:hover, #mainNav ul.pkp_navigation_primary > li.current > a {
  border-bottom:0px;
}

.caret {
    display: inline-block;
    width: 0;
    height: 0;
    margin-left: 2px;
    vertical-align: middle;
    border-top: 4px dashed;
    border-top: 4px solid \9;
    border-right: 4px solid transparent;
    border-left: 4px solid transparent;
}


/* JOURNAL INFORMATION SECTION STYLE START */
 .ji-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 240px 1.2fr 1fr;
    gap: 0;
  }

  .ji-kv-row {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 12px;
    padding: 4px 0;
    border-bottom: 1px dashed var(--border, #dde3ef);
    font-size: 15px;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
  }

  .ji-kv-row span:last-child {
    text-align: right;
    max-width: 60%;
  }

  @media (max-width: 900px) {
    .journal-information {
      padding: 40px 16px !important;
    }
    .ji-grid {
      grid-template-columns: 1fr !important;
    }
    .ji-mission {
      border-left: none !important;
      border-top: 1px solid var(--border, #dde3ef);
    }
    .ji-cover-col {
      padding: 20px !important;
      margin: 0 auto;
    }
    .ji-info-col,
    .ji-mission {
      padding: 24px 20px !important;
    }
  }

  @media (max-width: 480px) {
    .ji-kv-row {
      font-size: 13.5px;
    }
    .ji-kv-row span:last-child {
      max-width: 100%;
      text-align: left;
    }
    .ji-kv-row {
      flex-direction: column;
      gap: 2px;
    }
    .ji-mission h3 {
      font-size: 19px !important;
    }
  }
/* JOURNAL INFORMATION SECTION END */