The Institute has a unique distinction of publishing a bi-annual International journal DIAS Technology Review – The International Journal for Business and IT. The Editorial Board comprises of eminent persons from all over the globe. It is a refereed journal containing well-researched articles in diverse fields written by eminent academicians & professionals across the globe. The journal is listed in the Cabell’s Directory, USA, Social Science Research Network (SSRN) & Ulrich’s Periodical Directory.
Impact of Agency Effect on Corporate Performance: An Empirical Study
No promoter would like to share his power with other shareholders, be it managers, workers, government, public or institutional investors. But in order to succeed, he has to choose between growth versus con trol. In order to grow at a rapid pace, promoters have to raise capital from the capital market, which will certainly dilute their control. The stake of different shareholders affects the core competencies of the company, which holds the key to success. The current article tries to find the similarities in the nature of agency effect among top five companies within each sector. The objective behind this study is to help promoters and government decide the optimal agency effect, which can lead to corporate success. Un ique agency effect for each company plays a key role in its acquiring core competencies. Companies can formulate their strategies based on their core competencies and resources availability, which are affected by the nature of agency effect that the promoters are willing to accept. The current study captures this effect by adopting the methodology o f the discriminant analysis.
Copyright (c) 2006 DIAS Technology Review https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Code Conversion by Mapping HDL & OOPS – Why & How
Object Oriented Programming Structure (OOPS) has proved its importance in software development in terms of advantages like A bstraction, Encapsulation, Polymorphism, Concurrency, Modularity and Reusability. Also the Object Oriented codes are found to be more verifiable & maintainable. Hence they allow reduction in efforts for development, testing & maintenance of the software. In current scenario, digital-VLSI design life cycle begins with modeling using some Hardware Description Language (HDL) followed by functional verification of the HDL-model by its simulation. Often, VLSI-developers show interest in getting software that simulates the functional behavior of the hardware for its analysis from different points of concern. For the sake of effort minimization in co-designing of Digital VLSI chips and their simulating software, it is of interest to introduce automation in code conversion from HDL to OOPS and vise versa. Author's efforts in this direction are summarized in this document. The outcome of this paper may be developed as a code converter from C++ to VHDL and vise versa.
We can easily recollect some childhood stories told by our elders. Most of those stories had some useful morals but we lacked the ability to analyze and understand them at that moment A similar childhood story’ from 'Jataka Tales’ was imprinted in my memory. This tale became a curiosity at the young age and an inspiration for difficult times. The tale is about a young man from Varanasi who starts his business with a dead mouse as capital. He then devises various tactics to increase his business and overcome the difficulties. This article reproduces the same story in its original narrative. A comparison of some biographies of great Indian business leaders is made \uith the tale to establish the relevance o f the centuries old story in the modern business scenario. The tale is then analyzed with a management perspective to bring forth some fundamental principles of management and marketing. In the end , suggestions and recommendations are made, taking clues from the stoiy, to solve some modern day problems of the Indian Economy.
The Integration of Oil Futures Contracts with Other Commodities
Oil as a commodity has played an important role for the world economies. In this regard futures market has played an important role as the traders have developed important hedging techniques using these contracts. Hence, the policy makers of various governments and the central banks of different countries constantly monitor this commodity and study its corresponding impact on fundamental macroeconomic variables. In addition, the political factors superimpose themselves in such a manner that in some instances the macroeconomic factors are overshadowed by these developments. We have used daily data from the Futures Industry Institute to disentangle the economic news and the political factors in order to develop an understanding of how these factors affect Oil price. Methodology developed by Johansen is used to test for cointegration amongst the variables. Further, the new information causes protracted volatility, accompanied by persistence of volatility reflecting changes in traders' incentive and motivation to trade. Hence, in this study, a nonparametric measure of volatility is employed to develop deeper understanding of the role that volatility plays from the point-of-view of the traders. The results of the study show a high level of co-integration between Oil Futures, Soft Commodities (SC), Grains and Oil Seeds (GO), and Live Stock (LS). Investors may be able to use futures positions on SC, GO, and LS to hedge against Oil Future holdings in the short run. Assets that lacked co-integration with Oil Futures may be useful to those investors seeking to diversify their portfolios. The results of this study ca.
Empowerment as an Effective Instrument of Modern Organizations to Face the GlobalisedLiberalised Challenges: A Study
there is dire need for paradigmatic shifts in management strategies for business organizations in India, in today's highly competitive global scenario. Empowerment is a recent managerial 'mantra' for managing and facilitating human development. It is important to scrutinize the changing roles and attitudes of human resource for public and private sector which coexist on Indian scene. The present study on empowerment of executive! managers of four well- performing Indian organizations (two each from public and private sectors) belonging to four vital sectors of economy, namely banking, oil & energy, electronics& communication and automobiles has been undertaken. The study has shown that public sector units are as well or even better tuned to meet the challenges of business by empowered, committed professionalism of the executives/managers. They> are at pains to train and teach themselves to meet the demands of time for survival and prosperity for themselves and their organizations. Our findings are corroborated by certain other recent HRM studies of public sector organizations elsewhere in India.
Analysis of Academically Dishonest Practices:An Exploratory Study of MBAs at an Institute of Management in India
While academic integrity is a virtue espoused by educational institutions, professors, administrators, and students universally, dishonest academic behavior is prevalent in many colleges and universities across the globe (Brown 2002; Burns 1998; Davis, Noble, Zak, & Dryer 1994; Diekhoff, LaBeff, Shinohara, & Clark, 1999; Lupton 2002; Magnus, Polterovish, Danilov, & Sawateev 2002; Mwamwenda & Monyooe, 2000; Vencat 2006). For example, Meade (1992) reported a dishonesty rate of 87 percent among undergraduates at 31 top universities in the United States. On the other hand, Diekhoff et al. (1999) found that lapanese students were involved in various acts of academic dishonesty at a rate of 55 percent. Similarly, Lupton and Chapman (2000, 2002) reported a dishonesty rate of 84 percent in Poland and 64 percent in Russia.
Non Linear Blind Source Separation Using Cross Power Spectral Density and Cross Correlation Coefficient
Blind source separation (BSS) is an emerging technique, which enables the extraction of target speech from observed mixed speeches. BSS algorithm sare based on restoring the statistical independence of the source signals. This paper is concerned with blind source separation of convolutive mixtures of acoustic signals, especially speech in which the source signals are instantaneously mixed in unknown nonlinear processes. A statistical an d computational technique, called independent component analysis (ICA), used for BSS, is examined by achieving maxim um entropy at the output end, also cross power spectral density and cross correlation coefficient o f observed unmixed signal an d source signal is check to conform the received signal is the original signal. Effectiveness o f the proposed method is validated in BSS of male and female voice signals gets signal to interference ratio 8.75 with the proposed, algorithm , 7.03 an d 5.12 with algorithm based on Mutual Information and non causal FIR filter. This paper synthesizes proposed algorithm on Field Program m able Gate Array (FPGA) - Xilinx VIRTEXV1OOOE that executes a t the maximum frequency o f 12.288 MHz. The performance com parisons between the proposed an d another two ICA-related FPGA implementations [4][5], show that the proposed FPGA implementation has potential in performing complicated algorithms on large volume datasets.
Wal Mart Prepares to Enter Indian Retail Sector Strategic Implication
Recent policy decisions by the Government of India have made it possible for retailers such as Wal-Mai to consider market entry into the Indian retail sector Based on a literature review o f Wal-Mart and i innovative strategies, this research delineates tfim plications for both Wal-Mart an d the Indian retail sector as this market entry is contemplated. The pap begins with a historical background of Wal-Martar the history an d growth o f the retail sector in Indi Further, the paper proceeds to clearly underscore tstrateg icimplications f o r Wal-Mart in the international market with unique characteristi The paper concludes with caveats and challenge that Wal-Mart's business model will pose for ti Indian retail sector.
Dividend Policy of NSE and BSE Firms: Impact of Profitability, Size and Growth on Dividend Distribution
The present article tends to study the dividend behavior of NSE an d BSE firm s over the last five years. Dividend decision being one of the most important financial management decisions should be studied to fin d out whether the firm is moving towards its goal of maximizing shareholders wealth. The article studies the dividend trend o f the selected firms for the period 2001 -2005 and finds out target payout ratio for them for the year2006. Further the study uses regression analysis to establish the relationship between dividend paid an d profitability, growth an d size. It fin d s out a positive relationship of dividend paid with profitability while a negative relationship with growth an d size. In short the research has been an attempt to discover the most important factor that drives the Indian firm s towards dividend payment.
Corporate Social Responsibility: Indian Context
Corporate nowadays wage war on two fronts. Not only do they need to keep their investors an d shareholders happy and their profits healthy, they also need to fulfill their often-ignored role as an active player in the society. Corporate social responsibility once seen as a luxury a t best an d an afterthought at worst is changing rapidly. With economic liberalization an d globalization, the role of the State an d Business has undergone a great change. The private enterprises are set to play an increasing pivotal role in shaping the economic, political an d social agenda for the new international order. Corporate can no longer re m a in isolated from the society around them. Their responsibility towards the society is becoming integral part of the business plan. Some corporations have caught on; major groups such as the Birla Group, the Tata Group, the Jindal Group an d ITC, an d individual companies an d banks such as ICICI, have earned recognition by their support o f sustainable development, in their own ethical business practices as well as in a trickle-down effect on the community' around them. It has become imperative for corporate to be sensitive to the needs of the society an d the environment in which they operate and build an empathizing relationship for amutually sustainable existence. They should explore building relationship and partnerships with government bodies an d NGO’s to drive environmental sustainability an d a strong civil society. The authors have tried to highlight the progresses made by Indian corporate houses in this direction.
Psychoacoustic Model Based Audio Data Compression Technique: An Approach Using DWT and VQ
SwpemsoirJ Control an d Data Acquisition (SCADA) networks are used by m any o f the utility companies that form the critical infrastructure in m any countries to control field devices from a central station. In recent years, SCADA networks have also enjoyed an increase in popularity within process control industries for monitoring an d control. The use o f the Internet can facilitate the remote monitoring o f the SCADA systems but with the sharp increase in actual an d potential threats against SCADA has made it dangerous to use the unsecured communication protocols. This paper presents a secure architecture to access SCADA-controlled devices remotely using the Internet. Using this architecture, SCADA engineers can get the current process information an d send the control data to a remote plan t through their web browser securely. This Internet-based approach has been implemented and tested for remote monitoring and control of a chemical-process test-bed.
Today's world increasingly operates utilizing quick responses to the continual bombardment o f bits and pieces o f information an d data. Both at work and at home, rapid reactions to sources o f news are expected an d often demanded. Although the subject o f time management interruptions has . .. I S t llS been mentioned previously in the business - /■ literature, when discussed, interruptions were. treated as annoyances to be avoided rather than as events to be encouraged. This paper discusses and classifies interruptions as expected or unexpected and mentions three strategies on how to deal with interruptions. Also, twelve pressures and influences are presented which have combined to produce a new need to manage interruptions, namely: (1) immediate gratification mentality; (2) time urgency environment; (3) accessibility or open door expectation; (4) self interest economics; (5) just-in-time production; (6) quick response marketing; (7) value added accounting; (8) shareholder value finance; (9) multitasking work load; (10) email an d electronic etiquette; (11) employee empowerment; and, (12) shift from private to public rights.
A Fuzzy Approach for Integrated Measure of Object Oriented Software Complexity
Many methods can be used to measure the complexity of a Object Oriented software, but none o f them takes care of all the characteristics o f the software. Various metrics used in measurement o f OO software complexity are Weighted Methods per Class (WMC), Response for a Class (RFC), Lack of Cohesion of Methods (LCOM), Coupling Between Objects (CBO), Depth Inheritance Tree (DIT) and Number of Children (NOC), but none o f them is alone sufficient to give an overall reflection of software complexity. Different metrics try to measure different characteristics o f the software such as efficiency, complexity, understandability, reusability, testability and maintainability. Depending upon the characteristics o f the software to be measured a subset o f thkse metrics should be used. This paper proposes a fuzzy model for complexity measurement that integrates the effect of subset o f these metrics i.e. WMC, RFC, CBO and DIT. The paper is about an approach to combine OO software metric values into a single overall value that can be used to rank classes according to their' complexity. The approach uses fuzzy techniques and concepts, vizfuzzification of crisp metric values, inference and aggregation, defuzzification of fuzzy output etc.
Complexity, Probability of Failure, Object Oriented
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Pharmaceutical Industry and Idiosyncratic Risk
The study tries to develop a model that contains variables that can be used to determine both the market risk and the idiosyncratic risk unique to the pharmaceutical industry, which is characterized as a capital intensive industry and mainly deals with producing products that are considered long-term investment. The results suggest that significant determinants for the market risk are size, leverage, and efficiency when capital is excluded and size, capital, and efficiency when leverage is excluded. The significance and the signs o f the regression coefficients imply that market investors consider that the larger the size of the pharmaceutical company the lower is the market risk and have higher the leverage or debt ratio the larger is the market risk and V finally higher is the efficiency of the company the lower is the market risk. Further the results indicate that the significant determinants of idiosyncratic risk are size and earnings variability whether leverage or capital is included in the determinants set. These two significant determinants provide increased guidance to investors seeking diversification to minimize specific risk.
Role of Cooperative Banks’ Lending to Priority Sector in Haryana : An Evaluation
One of the objectives of social control over banks and subsequent nationalization o f major commercial banks was to ensure that the banks reorient their lending policies that the credit flows to certain sectors o f the economy in accordance with the national planningpriorities. The present study is an attempt to study the priority sector lendingby the cooperative banking sector at apex level in Haryana. The evaluation of priority sector lending is done in present study by considering the coverage and progress in the various components o f the priority sector lending. This research paper also gives suggestions for the improvement of priority sector advances by Cooperative Banks in Haryana.
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Regulatory Mechanism for Financial Markets: Emerging Trends and Managerial implications
Financial markets have significantly developed in the last decade around the globe and cross border capital flows have increased many folds as a result of liberalization and globalization o f these markets. Regulatory failures causing financial crisis have also occurred with greater frequency in the last ten years or so in both advanced and emerging economies. This has created a need for a strong institutional regulatory mechanism capable of handling the challenges o f globalization and arrests the incidences o f financial irregularities and scams. In this background the present paper is an attempt to address the issues pertaining to financial sector regulation
Efforts Required for Performance Engineering of a Web Application
New Port group research states that 52% of the Web applications fail to scale-they don't perform acceptably under real-world usage. Performance testing is normally considered as a last stage in the development lifecycle. In some cases it is taken up as a reaction to customer complaints. This approach normally results in significant design changes in the final stages ora trade-off with the functionality or robustness of the application. Considering the factors like shorter delivery cycles, high costs o f rework, competition etc., it has become necessary that the performance testing activities are properly planned to ensure a strict adherence to the customer requirements. Testing should hence be considered as an activity that needs to run in parallel to the design and development activities. All these need proper planning to be done and necessary resources allocated for performance engineering right at the beginning of the SDLC. This paper describes the need for performance testing, what all is done as part of the exercise, what all resources are required and ball-park % o f total SDLC effort required for performance testing. Currently there is no methodology available for estimating the effort required for Performance testing o f web applications. The ballpark estimate for performance testing in this paper can be used as a starting point for the same.
Factors affecting Website Downloads and their Economic implications
E-commerce has captured a significant market share and is expected to grow a trillion dollar business by 2005. Speed is the key to life on the Internet in general, and in Ecommerce in particular. The connection speed, size of the web page, number of forms, frames, and Internet users influence the success o f an individual website and eventually of the E-commerce. A typical user waits for no more than 8 seconds for the site to load. This paper also includes user expectations o f websites and the post bailout behavior. We also suggest some ways to speed up the download time of web pages. Website designers and computer design engineers can greatly benefit from this article.
Compensating the Diversified and Information Technology Workforce
The establishment o f fair wages and compensation relative to employers and employees has been a topic o f debate since the beginning o f our wage economy. Moral and economic factors have played important roles in wage setting considerations with the state, church and business organizations playing various roles along the way. We have progressed from a subsistence system under the “just wage ” and “sustainable wage " doctrines of the middle ages through the piece-rate and job-based wage plans of the industrial and post-industrial revolution periods where extrinsic elements formed the centerpiece o f employee compensation. In the new workplace, characterized by culturally diverse and high technology imperatives, appropriate compensation requires more than a take home paycheck and traditional fringe benefits. Intrinsic factors that appeal to employees' dignity, desire for autonomy, recognition, professional growth and opportunities for advancement must become a part of the compensation mix. This paper examines the goals and results of the traditional methods o f compensation, and synthesizes proposals proffered in the literature for making compensation systems more relevant in attracting and retaining the desired pool of talents and skills for effective performance in the modern diversified and high technology workplace
Relationship Marketing: A Search for Competitive Edge
Customers can help organization achieve one thing “success” or “failure”. Why should a company interact with its customers? The answer to this question reveals the organization's underlying assumptions about customer relationship. Information technology revolution has made mass interaction an d customization practicable, paving the gateway for relationship marketing. Relationship experiences come along with the products that customers buy. Thefirm's competency to create and maintain relationship with their customer is a durable basis for competitive advantage. The relationship paradigm of management needs conceptual an d practical insights. The paper presents the conceptual an d practicability aspects o f relationship a n d the strategic implications. It analyses the relationship experiences a t Hero Honda Motors, a company that believes that its greatest source o f strength is relationship. The relationship dimensions an d product relationship framework provides context for building organizational strategy.
Supervisoiy Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) networks control critical infrastructure of many countries. They perform vital functions for utility companies including electricity, natural gas, oil, water, sewage, an d railroads. The SCADA networks can he easy targets for unauthorized intrusions that can result in devastating attack s by terrorists. This research identifies threats faced by SCADA and investigates cost-efficient methods to enhance its security in the light of DNP3 protocols, which h as b eco m e a d e fa c to industry standard protocol for implementing the SCADA technology. We propose cost-effective implementation alternatives including SSL/TLS, IPsec, object security, encryption, and message authentication object. The paper evaluates implementation details of the se solutions, and analyzes and com pares these approaches. Finally, we provide new research directions to m ore adequately secure SCADA networks an d the protocols over the long term.
Mean Square Error Reduction Using Genetic Algorithm
This work is devoted to design an d analysis o f several aspects of image com pression, specially quantization and coding. Here we utilize a coding technique, which not only preserves some o f the statistical characteristics of the block during quantization, but also giving a fixed bit rate with very easy hardware implementation. Though the approach is very simple but due to limited quantization levels does not perform equally well in every region, resulting in ragged edges an d introduced noise at edges. This work stands in contrast to the above algorithm and implemented an idea based on mean square error criteria, which reduces the above artifacts to a great extent. A natural processing concept called genetic algorithm: a stochastic global search and optimization approach that mimic the metaphor o f natural biological evolution, has been applied to fin d out the optimal solution in a multimodal search space. The multilevel quantization is modeled as optimization problem an d an attempt is made for selecting the better thresholds using GA incorder to reduce mean square error. The simulations results indicate that both the computational complexity and the reconstructed image quality achieved have been improved as a outcome o f this work.
The Characteristics of Necessity in a Work Place: A Replication Study
As the use of personal computers in business organizations became more widespread in the last decade, the need to provide support or help increased. Many companies responded by implementing End User Support Groups, Helpdesks, or what have come to be known as Information Centers (ICs). Throughout this paper, the term Information Center will be used for all three of these approaches. An IC is a method of providing non-computer professionals with access to modern computing technology (IBM, 1984a). An IC provides its users with tools, services, and ongoing support, which allow end-users to perform a substantial portion of their computer-related work themselves (Hammond, 1984).
Segmental Disclosures by Wipro & Infosys
Consolidated financial statements tend to hide information from external reporting. Disaggregation of the financial statement of a company into different segments is necessary to project the transparency of its performance to the valued investors. Accordingly, an accounting standard on segment reporting has come into effect with a view to establishing guidelines for segment wise disclosure of information in annual reports and to enable investors and other parties to evaluate performance of individual segments. This paper examines segmental disclosure practices by the two leading companies viz. Wipro and Infosys and evaluates the contents of segmental disclosures in providing desired information to investors and other parties.
Quality & Productivity in The University System
Quality and Productivity Management context for an organization will remain relevant for all the time to come. Considerable debate is going on in Australia under the banner of "Higher Education at the Crossroads" and one central theme appears to be why none of the Australian Universities appear in the list of the top 100 universities in the world (Ref: Ministerial discussion paper- Higher Education at the Crossroads (Nelson, 2002). A high level committee set up by the Minister for Education, Science and Training examined various issues including diversity, specialisation and regional engagement with regard to higher education in Australia. This paper proposes an Operations Management view as to how universities in Australia can aim to be rated amongst top 100 in the world and be truly classed as world class. This paper examines the deficiencies in the Australian Universities generally and proposes as to how a holistic view of Quality can assist individual institutions to lift their game in enhancing their quality in learning, teaching and scholarship in the current climate of entrepreneurial approach to education and achieve sustained growth in the volatile and fast changing national and international political scene.
An optimisation Approach to Fueling Warships at Sea
(ling at sea is an essential and vitaleration for warships. Not only:ing wartime but also wheiiships duct exercises during peacetime, liishment at sea is carried out to insfer men and material from one ito another. Fueling is a subset of ■ replenishment at sea operations,ie fueling operation is not carried carefully, either a fuel spillage urs which is a fire hazard and isumes many m an-hours inning the mess, or the fuelingition increases that makes the ship and the oil tanker a good | for the enemy. In this pajier, the pal scenario of fueling ai sea is cussed. Ama the matical jamming model is formulated solved using the optimal controlry. This model is based on the lor’s experience in fueling der class frigates, a type of hip used by many countries. I rules of thumb are devised to ate the pumping rate in theig process. The rules would rate the ship's Engineer Officer iders tand the control action )ut getting involved in the ematical jargon.
Leadership needs to be redefined and explained differently in terms of what we have learned about organizational directorship during the last few decades. In addition to a new definition, a post twentieth century model of leadership needs created with steps and parameters opposite from pre-2000 thinking and philosophy. This article presents a new leadership definition and model, plus it identifies leadership parameters, steps, and lessons. Furthermore, it introduces a new concept in to m an agement / leadership / organization literature called Blended Dualism which incorporates the very latest supervisory thinking into a holistic, integrated amalgam of what initially appears to be contradictory or at least paradoxical ideas.
"Rules"I f Tversus“Principles”The Search ForTransparency InCorporate Governance
n the aftermath of the recent If US corporate scandals a lively I'l debate has emerged regarding T the relative merits of the j "principles" and the "rules" i. based approaches to corporate i governance. I examine the ! relevance of this debate for the i . effectiveness of a corporate iff governance structure. JEL ? Classification: Corporate Governance-Finance-an dn| Governance: - General (G300)
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The vicissitudes and progressions in business practices, legal framework and escalating complexities in the dynamic milieu have led to a radical transfiguration of role of accounting. The traditional role of stewardship has been replaced by a proactive role in financial decision making, strategic management, constructing resilient internal controls and a forceful role in planning taxes so as to abate tax burden and capitalize on income, within the legal boundaries. Accounting professionals, in this era of globalization, have been progressively levitating their standards to match the global parameters with emphasis on greater accountability and transparency, to bring the Indian and global perspectives together on issues of contemporary relevance to accountancy profession.
Business Environment is very vast concept and understanding all the environmental aspects of business is a crucial task. Recent economic crises of US has impacted whole economy at a large scale and hampered trade & commerce around the world particularly in developed countries. Moreover, understanding the impact of such crises on corporate sector is very important for all the business students as well as corporate personnel. Present book by Justin Paul on business environment provides comprehensive understanding of business and its environmental aspects. The topic business environment covers various aspects of business such as economic, political, global and its impact on future of Indian corporate. The process of globalization has become an irreversible phenomenon and it becomes very important for the business personnel or management to understand these aspects.