International Journal of Communication Development
Role of Media in Anna Hazare's Movement and Its Impact on Society
In today’s world, media occupies an important place in society. People get to know what is happening around the world and accordingly formulate their opinions. One can say that media is the voice of the people. There are many functions of the media — it persuades, provides information, entertains, and keeps an eye on the work of the government. Man is surrounded by its presence, whether in the form of print, electronic, or internet media. Therefore, it also has an impact on its users depending on how they use it. Many studies have pointed out that media has a lot of negative impacts on society. It has been criticized for playing a negative role in the lives of people. However, this paper argues that although media can have negative effects on its viewers, it still plays an important role in people’s lives. It is one of the vital tools in the hands of the common man, and we cannot ignore the positive aspects of its presence.
Copyright (c) 2012 International Journal of Communication Development https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
a Normative Theory for Conflict Reporting
George Gerbner and his associates at the Annenberg School Journalism developed the cultivation theory also referred to as the cultivation hypothesis or cultivation analysis — in 1969
Copyright (c) 2011 International Journal of Communication Development https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
FIRST PILLAR vs FOURTH PILLAR A study of press coverage of Delhi Legislative Assembly
US President Thomas Jefferson once said “If I am asked to choose between ‘a Government without a press’ and ‘a press without a government’ I will not hesitate a moment to choose the later. In fact one cannot think of a situation where there is no press. Though Legislature, Judiciary and Executive are the three constitutionally sanctioned institutions of democracy which are other wise called the pillars of democracy press continues to be the fourth pillar even if it does not have the constitutional sanction.
Thirsty Regions Engineer Magma in the Shape of Terrorism
Violence and conflict caused by water shortages may threaten states’ political and social stability, according to the Parliamentary Assembly’s Environment Committee. At its meeting on 25 February 2011, the committee noted the close links between water and security, which have made water “a military and political tool and a new weapon for terrorists.” The committee also discussed how climate change has worsened the problem of malnutrition in the world’s driest regions. It called on European governments to recognize access to water as a fundamental human right and to apply — and, if necessary, revise — the rules of international water law. The systems for the joint management of trans-frontier rivers and aquifers should be reviewed, the committee declared. Transparency and the flow of information between all stakeholders should also be improved. Scientists and military experts believe that as the world warms, water — whether too little or too much of it — is going to be the major problem for the United States. They argue that it will be both a domestic problem, as states clash over control of rivers, and a national security problem, as water shortages and floods worsen conflicts and terrorism elsewhere in the world.
Press Coverage on Human Rights Issues: A study Two Hindi Dailies of Uttarakhand
The history of mankind has been closely linked to the struggle of people against injustice, exploitation, and discrimination. The assertion of human rights is one of the most significant manifestations of this struggle. Human rights have acquired special importance in the changing global context, particularly in the post–World War II democratic era. The post-war period has witnessed the rapid development of a human rights culture. The General Assembly of the United Nations unanimously adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights on December 10, 1948. The domain of human rights has continued to expand in India. Many laws, institutions, and organizations have been established to ensure citizens a better standard of human rights. The Protection of Human Rights Act was passed by the Indian Parliament in 1993 with the objective of safeguarding the fundamental rights of Indian citizens. It is in this context that the present study seeks to assess the role of newspapers in the protection and promotion of human rights.
Community Communication for Participative Development: Experiments and Experiences in South Asia.
Millions of people in developing countries, particularly in rural areas, are deprived of a wide range of information and knowledge owing to the lack of access to information and communication technologies, as well as limited participation in information generation and dissemination—factors that could have improved their livelihoods and development patterns. In the prevailing socio-cultural and geographical context of rural and remote communities, community communications or community media, especially in its most popular and viable form—community radio—has been found to be a more effective and inclusive medium for providing equitable access to information and knowledge among the masses. Empirical evidence has shown that community communication and media foster grassroots-level participation and the horizontal circulation of ideas among deprived rural communities. These processes are essential preconditions for the democratization of communication and the redistribution of power. This paper attempts to analyze the contribution of the community movement toward conscientization and the development of marginalized masses in various parts of South Asia in general, and India in particular. It will examine various experiments and experiences in community radio broadcasting across different countries in South and Southeast Asia and propose pragmatic policy suggestions for ensuring the sustainability of rural community radio initiatives, particularly in India. A host of literature and empirical studies on the subject will be referred to during the analysis.
Social Media: Many Too Many Form of Message Transmission an Analysis (Article)
Social media play a very important role in national development. National development involves changes or advancement in a nation aimed at improving the political, economic and social lives of the people. The real influence of the social media in national development is dependent upon the penetration of internet and on computer literacy. The traditional media in dictatorships for example are not going to present the real picture because of the pressure from the Government and society. On the other hand big media houses are also called elite media in which news and views of the common person is absent. Therefore social media can bridge this gap by providing a platform for common person where everyone can become a journalist or a watchdog of the society. This is just reverse to the concept of different early models of communication in which the communication was from one source (media) to many. Social media has given a new concept of communication in which many source of information are multiplied by many. This is really a recent phenomenon in which many persons are not only transmitting the message to many but at the same time they are also the receiver of the message. Today we are witnessing that Social media are strengthening the nation in several ways like: social media has mobilized the masses against corruption and gender discrimination. Different departments of the Government have also recognized the positive role of the social networking websites and with the help of the social media they are involving the common man in developmental programmes. Delhi Traffic Police and Varanasi Police are among those which are using the social media like: Facebook just to connect with the common man. These are only a few examples where social media are playing a positive role and becoming a tool of participatory communication and in this way it is strengthening the democracy of the country. On the other hand there are a few concerns about the role of social media like: commercial use of the individual’s information, privacy, authenticity problem, fake information, propaganda tool, defamatory information. Recently during riots it was found that social media are spreading rumors and fake information that led different community in communal tensions. Even The Prime Minister Manmohan Singh said that social media has to be used carefully. Therefore this paper aims to discuss various fields where social media has affected our lives and also of the fields where social media has been lacking in its role.
Copyright (c) 2013 International Journal of Communication Development https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Content Analysis of Homepage of Corporate Websites Ofmaharatna Companies in India
The study analyzes the homepage of corporate websites of five public sector undertakings of India that have attained Maharatna status. It primarily focuses on the homepage content that makes the crucial first impression, thereby facilitating the citizen government interaction. The total content and the manner of presentation of the homepage along with parameters like accessibility, usability and navigability have been studied in the research. The study attempts to identify the strengths and weaknesses in presentation of the corporate websites of government companies that are biggest in terms of revenue generation in India. It was identified that these corporate websites are available in both English and Hindi language in order to reach the maximum possible public. It was also found that these websites are yet to exploit the advantage of interactive features like the audiovisual
Mass Media Exposure and Awareness About Family Planning and Reproductive Health Among Child Bearing Women in Silchartown of Assam
India was the first sovereign nation to have implemented family planning programme way back in 1952 but paradoxically even with the expansion and reach of mass media, India is the second most populous country in the world today. The success story of any developing country is based on the overall development of its women folk. Their overall growth not only uplifts a particular woman but influences the overall development of her family as a whole. These virtues, ideas and thoughts still remain in its theoretical phase to the women of India. Time and again an opposite picture has been revealed of our women folk. Illiteracy, poverty, malnutrition, health hazards, male dominance and customs have grasped the root level of the mindset of majority of Indian women folk. Educational programmes through mass media pertaining to reproductive health can bring in the much required changes to curb the menaces prevailing in our society in this regard. Mass Media today has widened the mental horizon of the people by providing sound knowledge about reproductive health care especially family planning, female infanticide, female foeticide, family size, antenatal care, postnatal care etc. In fact, it has the ability to bring positive changes for health consciousness and encouraging an adoption of healthful lifestyles among the people. Thus, the proposed study is aimed to assess the role of mass media exposure of women in urban areas in generating the awareness about family planning and reproductive health in Silchar town of Assam.
Mass Media Education an Agent and Reactorto Globalization
With reference to Mass Media, globalization is the flow of technology, economy, knowledge, people, values, and ideas across borders and these are changing very fast. Globalization affects each country in a different way due to a nation’s individual history, traditions, culture and priorities. Internationalization of higher education is one of the ways a country responds to the impact of globalization yet, at the same time, respects the individuality of the nation. The concept of internationalization differs dialectically from that of globalization because it refers to the relationship between nation-states, which promotes recognition of and respect for their own differences and traditions. By contrast, the phenomenon of globalization does not tend to respect differences and borders, thus undermining the bases of the very same nation-states, and leading to homogenization. In this sense, internationalization can be understood as complementary or compensatory to globalizing tendencies, given that it allows for a resistance to the latter’s denationalizing and homogenizing effects. In context of higher education, the process of integrating an international/intercultural dimension into the teaching, research and service functions of the institution. Any systematic, sustained efforts aimed at making higher education responsive to the requirements and challenges related to the globalization of societies, economy and labor markets. Internationalization of Mass Media not merely an aim itself, but an important resource in the development of finer channel systems towards: 1) a system in line with international standards; and, 2) one open and responsive to its global environment. Internationalization is seen as one of the ways a country responds to the impact of globalization, yet at the same time respects the individuality of the nation (Qiang, 2003).
Sirens, Coquettes and Vamps -the Sexualized and Eroticised Representation of Women in the Indian Reality Series“bigg Boss 5”
In this article, I will analyse the sexualized and eroticized representation of women participants in the popular reality series “Bigg Boss” (season 5). Since 2006, “Bigg Boss” has had a successful run on Indian television; the series focuses on celebrity contestants. Bigg Boss has been extremely controversial for the sexualized and vulgarized representation of women and the use of abusive language. By examining the professional background of women participants, the various tasks delegated and specific sexualized and eroticized representation of women in the series, I will argue how the Bigg Boss series exploits the female sexuality
Embracing Networked Journalism Between Shallowness And Depth
It is widely acknowledged that today’s news media are changing radically. New forms of what is coming to be known as ‘networked journalism’ are increasingly visible. This new form of networked journalism based on new media is changing the core of news production and consumption, challenging the business models of the past and the efforts of traditional journalism organizations to control the news. In today's interactive digital information environment, journalists lose the power to define what makes and shapes the news. Media outlets now maneuver through a space characterised by continuous information flows, and share communication paths with new information providers in an online, always-on environment. This article sketches this dynamic sphere and introduces the paradigm of 'network journalism'. Structured around digital networks, the sphere of network journalism unravels evolving patterns of information production. The task for journalistic organisations now is to figure out how to include the many traditional and alternative information nodes in their everyday work. The loss of control over a formerly strictly regulated information-exchange sphere is viewed here as an opportunity for journalism to review its practices. However, as journalists take on new roles and more voices are heard, there is a growing need to understand the implications of the new forms of boundary crossing that are being encouraged by this new form of journalism. Emerging forms of journalism may provide a foundation for public dialogue that enables stories about distant others to be told and better understood. The consequence may be that there will be new opportunities for enhanced sharing of viewpoints. Although convergent media platforms create opportunities for new exchanges, there are reasons to question whether the potential will be met?
Agenda Setting Role of the Press on Telangana Issue
The demand for a separate Telengana state is one of the most contentious as well as politically volatile issues the nation is facing ever since Independence. The people belonging to the region have been agitating from time to time and political leaders under different banner keeping the issue burning and gaining political mileage. However, the people of the region have been subjected to suffering because of these developments. They are neither getting a separate state nor getting their due share within the undivided state. The plight of the people of Telengana goes back to pre-Independence days. Under the Nizam’ s rule majority of the people were oppressed a lot. Keeping in view of the controversy and importance of the issue, the authors made an attempt to assess the news media’s agenda, if any, on the contentious Telangana issue. For the purpose of the study two English dailies: the Deccan Chronicle and the Times of India were purposively chosen. The former is regional English daily largely confined to Andhra Pradesh and the latter is the largest circulated English daily in the country. The contents of the newspapers under study were quantitatively measured and then subjected to framing analysis in order to assess their agenda on the issue.
Portrayal of Women in Satyajit Ray’s Films
The present study attempts to explore the transition of traditional women characters towards modernity or how modern they are in Satyajit Ray’s films or are they oscillating between the tradition and modern. Many scholars have found Nehruvian aspirations and visions for a modern India in Satyajit Ray’s early films made up to 1964. Further both these men have one thing in common, the aspirations for fusion of east and west .So, the researcher has chosen APORAJITO and CHARULATA to examine Satyajit Ray’s vision of transition of 19th century women from tradition to modernity
Internet: The Wind of Change in Research Arena
Internet and Research cannot be discussed in isolation in this ‘The Information Age’, where internet is considered as the backbone of ‘The Information Superhighway’. New media, particularly internet plays a profound role and its impact towards Research is tremendous. However, the irony is that, the bombardment of unauthenticated information on internet has given an unconstructive research to the neophyte Research Scholars. The interpersonal communication theorist like Baxter argues that, “No relationship exists unless the parties sacrifice some individual autonomy however, too much connection paradoxically destroys the relationship because individual’s identities become lost” (Baxter and Montgomery, 1988). The theory implies that the unbridled dependency on internet has destroyed the quality relation between the Researcher-Guide and the Researcher-Researcher, also the space of academic interaction seems to be diminishing. Is the internet proving to be creating a better research environment or hampering the quality of research? Internet critics and writers like Slevin(2000), Terry (2008), Jan Nederveen (2009), have come up with books on internet, but a collection of their criticism, reviews or internet biographies which has no justification to this field. In order to justify these discourses, this study looks into the in-depth analysis to the data drawn from the primary and secondary sources, and carried out through exploratory research under triangulation method. Perhaps, to what extend and how far the new technologies and tools of New media, particularly the internet will take us has no guaranteed but so far the internet is sweeping the world over with great impact.
Mira Nair’s Kama Sutra, A Tale of Love: A Critical Perspective
Cinema is a form of expression which attracts a good amount of masses as a punter. It is a medium that educates, enlighten, entertain and sometimes act as a watch dog to the society. ‘Film is not only a piece of art but also a tool of social reform as it expresses the feelings of humans and their ideas of contemporary society. Films are the mirror that reflects the society’ says Aatish Palekar in his article “Films: The Reflection of Society”. Filmmakers like Mira Nair who has worked upon issues like communal clashes, slum children, interracial marriage, and many other socio political based issues. And in Kama Sutra: The Tale of love (2000) she has interrogated a wide range of issues dealing with human relationship, complicated workings of male female sexual dynamics and along with it the importance of female bonding in a country like India, where sex is considered to be a taboo to be openly discussed. Mira Nair, an internationally acclaimed film maker who is much known for her serious thematic content, has always tried to portray reality through the subject matter she selects. Born in Orissa, studied in Delhi University has got her ground work of filmmaking learned and practiced after she went to Harvard. This paper will focus on her movie Kama Sutra: The Tale of Love and proposes a critical analysis of it in terms of its screenplay, casting and plot narrative.
Marketing and Communication Strategies for Customer Retention by leading Hindi News papers“A study of DainikJagran and DainikBhaskar
India is a mixed market in terms of media consumers. Where on one hand, Indian consumer is adapting to the fast changes in technology like the audience of the West, the slow percolation of digital technologies owing to lack of infrastructure can be attributed as the prime reason why print is still going strong in India. There is a larger section of the audience still unreached by the digital media. According to the current Price Waterhouse Coopers Media & Entertainment Report, the print industry in India has a circulation of 90 million second only to China (130 million) and the newspaper industry is expected to have a compounded annual growth rate of 10.1% by 2015 while the projected growth of Indian print media is INR 282 billion in 2015.
“The timely, accurate and sensitive communications in the face of natural hazards are demonstrated, cost effective means of saving lives, reducing property damage, and increasing public understanding. Such communications can educate, warn, inform and empower people to take practical steps to protect themselves from natural hazards.” – Observation of World Conference on Natural Disaster Reduction and the Roundtable on the Media, Scientific Information and Disasters
Attitude towards Promotions of Multiculturalism in Indian Society Perspectives of Hindi and Tamil Movies among Youth
Movies are considered to be one of the most popular medium of mass communication in India (Raina131- 141Gargan11-12), it is an effective tool of communication. India is a big country having more than a hundred and twenty crore population and every state has its own language and culture. Sometimes, it (the variety of different cultures and languages) seems to be dangerous for our unity. But, the promotion of multiculturalism solves this problem. Cinema can play an effective role for promoting multiculturalism in Indian society. Hindi is the mass language of northern parts of India and so Hindi films are very famous in north. Similarly, Tamil is the base language of all south Indian languages. So, Tamil films are very famous and popular in south. The study focuses on how far the people are aware of the reimbursement and negative aspects of multiculturalism in society. How much Indian films are effective for the promotion of multiculturalism?
Can New Media be a better tool for Governance?
Given the unique characteristics of the New Media, the technology offers real opportunities for democratization and political transformation, especially in societies where the basic rights of freedom of expression and the press are constricted by state control. This paper seeks to challenge this main assumption by examining the impact of the Internet along with the politics surrounding its use in Asia, with specific attention to the cases of China and Singapore. This paper postulates that in the cases of certain authoritarian regimes such as China and Singapore, not only has the presence and use of the Internet failed to spawn strong opposition movements, but authorities in these states have cleverly entered the domain of online expression and have utilized the technology to improve governance and control of these societies.
Digital Networks and Democratic PossibilitiesHabermas’ Public Sphere in Contemporary E-Societies
This essay asserts the relevance of Jürgen Habermas’ concept of a public sphere for political engagement via the Internet. It contends that the Internet’s openness to popular participation affords greater democratic potential than the traditional media in media-rich societies. Democratic participation on the Internet complements and affects the operations of more formal political structures, adapting to and creating new trends in political engagement.
Internet Surfing in Universities of Delhi
The study examines the use of Internet in Universities of Delhi. Two major groups- teachers and research scholars were surveyed. The survey instrument was a hardcopy questionnaire. Findings of this study show that respondents are seriously depend on Internet mainly for research, teaching and communication. The study also discusses frequency of use of Internet by teachers and research scholars and problems faced by them in extensive use of Internet
Issues of Pakistan in Indian Newspapers: An appraisal
The press presents centrality to public life because it provides a forum for debating issues of national importance. It is found that the coverage of foreign news in the Indian Press has declined in absolute terms in recent times, but in case of covering Pakistan the story is somewhat different. It is not merely a sophistry that the Indian media is apt to display an astonishing interest in matters pertaining to Pakistan as compared to any other South Asian countries. The present study is a content analysis of foreign news with special reference to Pakistan, by two major English leading dailies in India, The Times of India and The Hindu. The news stories were recorded and collated under the various module headings: Politics, religion/ religious, culture and history, arts and entertainment,
13 Days Vs 11 Years: A Comparative Study of theOnline Campaigns of Anna Hazare & Irom Sharmila
Corruption is an issue of which people everywhere are victims. There are other human right related problems which go unnoticed when corruption takes the headlines. Irom Sharmila has been fasting for many years. Media had never projected her plight for justice except in very few occasions. At the same time the India Against Corruption Movement led by Anna Hazare got immense support from the public through large scale media coverage. This paper is an attempt to analyze how social media reacted to both these issues by undertaking a Content Analysis of the facebook pages of “FREE IROM SHARMILA!!!!! REPEAL THE AFSPA!!!!!” and “India Against Corruption”. The study is conducted using the posts and comments on both these pages during and after the 13 days fasting of Anna Hazare. The study reveals that people began to show more interest in the case of Irom Sharmila after the movement of Anna Hazare. It is found that Social Media started playing its role in this Human Right movement too.
Double Meaning Hindi Songs and Its Impact on Society
Indian cinema is unique because of its involvement of songs and dances. This is one feature which differentiate Indian cinema from the international cinema. Hindi cinema is mainly popular because of its songs and dances. They also serve as pre-release promotional videos. Therefore, mostly promos on television are the songs from the films. In India radio channels mainly depends on film music. You can only hear songs from latest film release which works as an advertisement of film. Therefore, in Hindi cinema songs play a very important role. This feature of including songs in Hindi films, distinguish them from the international cinema. But recently a film Slumdog Millionaire, which was shot in India by a Hollywood Director, Danny B Boyel, which also got eight Academy Awards could not resist itself from songs. Two songs have been composed by A.R. Rehman for this film, one of which also received an Oscar “Jai Ho…” Almost all the aspect of Hindi Cinema has been inspired from Hollywood. In Hollywood there is a separate genre of musical films like Singing in the Rain. But in India this genre is incorporated within the narrative structure. As we know Hindi cinema is known for its multi-genre presentation of film narrative. Since the introduction of sync sound in Indian cinema, songs have developed a lot. There were lot of experiments had been taken to present song sequences in films.
Copyright (c) 2021 International Journal of Communication Development https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Industrialization And Entrepreneur Shipa Case Study Of Eastern Uttar Pradesh In North India
Industrial and entrepreneurship development in not necessarily an individualistic effort. Entrepreneurship development has made significant contribution in providing employment to million of people, generating foreign exchange for growing economy, producing import substitutes, contributing to value addition, and utilizing the vast human and natural resources of the country. In view of the above contributions, entrepreneurship development through small enterprises has cause to occupy crucial role in economic process of the nation. No country whether large or small development or developing, can underestimate the immense potential and contribution of small enterprises. It has become all are the important in view of globalization and economic liberalization. This paper examines the industrial development of eastern U.P. Also paper in divided into three sections first section contain introductory framework of industrial development in U.P. Second Section also analyzes the case study of small industries in eastern U.P. and Socio economic scenario in context of Uttar Pradesh. The third & last section of this paper studies the concluding remark and suggestions which develop the industrial environment in economic development of Uttar Pradesh.
Amitabh Bachchan: From ‘angry Young Man’ to ‘flirtatious Old Man’
“Amitabh Bachchan-Top Hero numbers one through ten, year, demanding a lot of capitalisation of key descriptive words: Hero, Superstar; Urban Demi-God. So how to describe him? A cross between Clint Eastwood, Al Pacino, Elvis, but with more than a hint of John Travolta. Nah, that doesn’t come close
Education is indispensable to normal living. Without education individual has no value in the society. It is only through the education, moral ideas and spiritual values that the aspiration of the nation and its heritage is transformed from one generation to another for preservation, purification and sublimation into higher achievements which ultimately results in development of the society. Therefore, there is need to spread education among society, which can be better done through media. This paper explains how Print media plays an important role in promoting education. This paper also aims at finding out the qualitative educational content of news coverage in media (print media) and its relevance in the modern times in the age of globalization and commercialization
Media Advocacy is defined as the systematic and strategic use of mass media like newspapers, radio, television, web publications and blogs in order to put pressure on policymakers by mobilizing community groups. It largely depends on news coverage by media, that how the different groups of the society makes their opinion for certain Government or Non- Government activities and the social issues. The main activities of media advocates are publicizing the events, writing letters to the editors, releasing data to the news media but in more focused and strategic way energy, enthusiasm, morality, and diligence. No doubt we have progressed a lot in the last 62 years but the development pace would have been completely different had some young torchbearers led this process of development.
Framing of Iran in Indian News Papers a Case Study of 3 English Dailies
Iran has drawn the global attention due to its controversial nuclear program. A onetime friend of United States of America, Iran has become its enemy. USA and Europe have declared sanctions against Iran. Iran’s nuclear program has drawn the world’s attention to this region. Iran is strategically important for India in the context of its relationships with China and Pakistan. There is dearth of research studies pertaining to Iran and media. Few studies have examined Iran and US relationship and its framing and portrayal in American media. There are absolutely no studies about treatment of Iran in Indian media in general and newspapers in particular. Iran is very important country to India and the government of India has good diplomatic relationships with Iran because of heavy oil imports. As far as academic research is concerned the coverage of Iran issue in Indian media has not been studied from Indian perspective. It is in this context that present study assumes significance. The study helps in creating research material and scholarship in the framing of Iran by Indian press.
Iran-News-Indian newspapers-Foreign relationships