Antibiotics in Burn Care: Indications, Limitations and Evidence
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Abstract
Burn injuries disrupt the skin’s natural barrier, making patients highly vulnerable to infections, which remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The appropriate use of antibiotics is essential in preventing and managing burn wound infections. Topical antimicrobial agents, such as silver sulfadiazine and bacitracin, play a key role in reducing microbial colonization and promoting wound healing, although some agents may delay epithelialization. Systemic antibiotics, on the other hand, are not routinely recommended and should be reserved for cases with clinical evidence of infection, sepsis, or extensive burns. Current evidence indicates that prophylactic use of systemic antibiotics does not improve outcomes and may contribute to antimicrobial resistance. Emphasis is therefore placed on early wound care, hygiene, and careful monitoring for infection. This review highlights the indications, limitations, and evidence-based use of antibiotics in burn management, supporting a rational and judicious approach to therapy.
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