Raj Rajeshwari Journal of Psychological and Educational Research
Raj Rajeshwari College of Education is situated at a distance of 1 km from from Bhota Bus stand, Hamirpur(H.P.) in Village Chorab(Mansui), P.O. Bhota, Tehsil Barsar, Distt. Hamirpur(H.P.)-176041. It is being run by the Raj Rajeshwari Education Society in own building of Raj Rajeshwari College, it came into existence by the efforts of Raj Rajeshwari Education Society and Management Committee. College is recognized by NRC, NCTE, Jaipur vide letter no-F-NRC/NCTE/F-7/HP-175, August 12, 2006 and affiliated to H.P. University, Shimla vide letter no-1-294/2006-hpu(Acad.) and latest affiliation no-1-183/98-(Acad)Part-X dated 26 December, 2012.(2012-13) .
Relevance of Buddhist Philosophy in the Present Era
The present age is the age of unprecedented scientific achievements and development of material resources. In this age, one hand science has helped in making human life simple and comfortable by developing material resources and other hand it has also make humans mentally and spiritually ill. The decline of the basic moral values is decreasing day by day. Buddhist philosophy is fundamentally a philosophy full of human moral values and its ultimate goal is to uncover human sufferings and eradicate them completely. Four novel truths & Ashtangika paths are considered to be the best of all the paths. In this path, right vision, right resolution creates right wisdom. Virtue requires proper words, actions and livelihood. To reach the level of Samadhi, proper exercise and proper memory are essential. In Buddhism, virtue, Samadhi and wisdom are considered to be the three great elements. Wisdom can be awakened through virtue and meditation. So that the root ignorance of the cycle of death can be destroyed. The main goal of the seeker is the attainment of this wisdom. The principles of the five virtues, non- violence, truth, asatya, celibacy, renouncing intoxicating substances etc. can lead to the development of the highest values in the character of man which will contribute significantly to the development of a healthy civilized society.
Copyright (c) 2025 Raj Rajeshwari Journal of Psychological and Educational Research
Holistic Education Through the Lens of the Self: Connecting the Bhagavad Gita, Psychology and Nep 2020
In a world driven by material success, education often overlooks emotional, moral and spiritual development. This paper highlights the importance of self-concept in promoting holistic education, particularly through UNESCO’s pillar of “Learning to Be”. Integrating insights from modern psychology and the Bhagavad Gita, it explores how self awareness, self-efficacy and spiritual wisdom support personal well-being and authentic living. The paper also discusses India’s NEP 2020 and its emphasis on value-based education. It concludes that true education must balance cognitive development with inner growth to prepare learners for life, not just livelihood.
Indian Knowledge Systems: An Exploration of Indigenous Intellectual Traditions
Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS), which have been created over millennia, is a vast and diverse intellectual legacy that encompasses philosophy, science, mathematics, medicine, the arts, and spiritual pursuits.Rooted in ancient scriptures such as the Vedas, Upanishads, and treatises like the Sushruta Samhita and Arthashastra, these systems offer significant insights into the nature of reality, human well-being, and the cosmos. With an emphasis on fundamental fields including linguistics, astronomy, Ayurveda, mathematics, and education, this paper examines the multifaceted reach of IKS. It emphasizes the contributions of early intellectuals whose writings predate and have an impact on contemporary scientific knowledge, such as Panini, Aryabhata, Charaka, and Sushruta. The full synthesis of ethics, metaphysics, and empirical inquiry highlights the distinctiveness of IKS.The study also looks at the educational systems of historic establishments like Takshashila and Nalanda, highlighting their contribution to international intellectual interaction. IKS still has an impact on sustainability, education, and global health in the modern world. In addition to documenting past accomplishments, this paper makes the case for IKS's revival and incorporation into the mainstream of knowledge production. In doing so, it highlights the value of indigenous systems in using multidisciplinary and culturally grounded frameworks to address contemporary issues.
Growth of Female Literacy in Himachal Pradesh Between 1971 and 2011
The growth of female literacy in Himachal Pradesh between 1971 and 2011 signifies a convincing success story in the realm of educational development in India.In 1971, Himachal Pradesh was granted full-fledged statehood which empowered the state government to take independent decisions related to the socio-economic development of its people. Consequently, while just one female out of every five could read and write in 1971, there were 3 females out of 4 who were labeled as literate in 2011.That is starting with a female literacy rate of just under 20% in 1971, the state observed remarkable enhancements, reaching over 76% by 2011. This research paper explores the aspects contributing to this alteration, including policy interventions, infrastructure expansion, and socio-cultural shifts. Using census data and government reports, the paper traces the evolution of female literacy over four decades and critically analyses the achievements and persistent challenges. The study emphasizes the role of inclusive policies and public involvement in closing gender gaps and indorses pathways for sustaining progress in future educational initiatives.
History plays a vital role in education, serving as a bridge between the past and the present. It enables students to understand the development of societies, cultures, and political systems, providing a context for the world they live in today. Through the study of history, learners develop critical thinking skills, the ability to analyze complex issues, and an understanding of cause-and-effect relationships. History education fosters a sense of identity and continuity, helping individuals and communities to connect with their heritage. Moreover, it promotes empathy by exposing students to diverse perspectives and experiences. By understanding historical events and patterns, students can make informed decisions and contribute thoughtfully to contemporary issues. Thus, history is not merely a record of the past but a dynamic tool that shapes informed and engaged citizens.
Environment Awareness of Primary School Teachers in Relation to Their Gender and Location
The present study was undertaken to study the environmental awareness among the primary school teachers in district Mandi of Himachal Pradesh in relation to their Gender and locale. In order to achieve the objectives of the present investigation a sample of 80 Primary school teachers was randomly selected from district Mandi, Himachal Pradesh. The questionnaire was developed by Dr. Y K Sharma and Suman Kumari was used for the present study. It included 7 components of environmental awareness response to these items in the form of yes and no. A right response was assigned a score of one and wrong response the score of zero. The obtained data was analyzed by statistical methods of using mean, SD and t -test. The finding of the study reported that male teachers are more aware towards environment awareness as compared to female counterparts.
Needs, Importance and Barriers of Inclusive Education
Inclusive Education is gaining importance now a days in education system. The purpose is to assimilate the children with special needs with the regular class. It includes the disabled as well as the non-disabled. The present study deals with Inclusive Education and its needs and importance. It also discusses about how it become relevant in Indian education, the role of head teachers for successful inclusion and the barriers of inclusive education. The researcher has collected data from different sources like websites, journals, articles, e-books, reports, commissions, National policies on education and articles published in local national and international papers etc.
Role of Agumented Reality (Ar) and Virtual Reality (Vr) in Teacher Education
Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) are revolutionary tools in current education, predominantly in teacher training and professional development. These technologies offer immersive, interactive experiences that improve pedagogical practices, classroom management skills, and subject-specific knowledge. This paper examines the roles of AR and VR in teacher education, detailing how they support experiential learning and prepare teachers for 21st-century classrooms. Furthermore, the study investigates significant challenges in implementing these technologies, such as high costs, limited infrastructure, lack of training, and resistance to change. Through a critical review of current literature and case studies, this paper provides actionable insights and recommendations to effectively integrate AR and VR into teacher education curricula.
Indian Evolution and Challenges of the Education System
The creation of any nation depends on a good educational system. If we study the education system of India, it is an examination system, not the education system. The system of education in India should be focused on learning and not on the examination. The syllabus of Indian schools has mainly focused on passing the exam and getting a job. Due to this, the overall development of children is not happening. As a result, there is a decrease in skill building of children.Instead of gaining knowledge of books, children should be given knowledge by interacting with children and expressing their views on various subjects. Children should be educated about library and internet, not only with knowledge from text books. Children should be taken on field trips for laboratories, vegetation, gardens etc., so that curiosity can arise in the students. The main focus of this article was on the Indian education system.
Social conditions and happenings made people learn continuously when they meet face-to-face. This learning process always changes because of technological devices and transforms into a multi-structure. Digital literacy appears as effective literacy during this process. Digitalization is originally based on digitizing, multimedia, interaction, and being everywhere. Developed digital technology and integration systems of the 1970s started the formation of the digital world. Digital technology, voice, image, data or packaging, and storing of all kinds of messages with coding came with the development of computer technologies and communication devices. After the liberation of fixed control centers, the process of facts being transferred via the network has become liberal. In addition to this, digitalization prepared systems for globalization with their own universal language and communication system networks (Castells, 2008: 57). Developments in satellite and televisions in the 90s made it necessary for societies to digitalize. This process also built their own social structures. Each fact no longer started to be defined with a digital term. Digital literacy is one of these formations. In this article author(s) emphasized on impact of digital literacy on people and the world around us
Critical Analysis of Impact of Mathematics Anxiety on Academic Achievement of Secondary School Students
Mathematics anxiety, a psychological condition characterized by feelings of tension and apprehension that interfere with math performance, has become a significant concern in educational psychology. This study investigates the impact of mathematics anxiety on the academic achievement of secondary school students. Using a mixedmethods approach, we surveyed 300 students from various secondary schools to assess their levels of mathematics anxiety and academic performance. Quantitative data were collected through standardized anxiety questionnaires and academic records, while qualitative insights were gathered through interviews and focus groups. The findings reveal a strong negative correlation between mathematics anxiety and academic achievement, indicating that higher levels of anxiety are associated with lower performance in mathematic
Anxiety, Academic Achievement, Mathematics Anxiety
Analysis of Competitive Behaviour of College Players
The purpose of the investigation was to analyses competitive Behaviour of players participating in different games of Government College Bhoranj, Hamirpur, (Himachal Pradesh) and then see the differences among the groups. The Study was conducted on 50 male university Players of five games i.e. Hockey, Cricket, Basketball, Football and Wushu. (N = 10 player from each game). Competitive Behaviour was tested, by administering Questionnaire of Competitive Behaviour Test, which was developed by Frank Tyson. The findings revealed no significant difference in Competitive Behaviour among the players of five different games. To analyze the Competitive behaviour of players of five different games, Analysis of Variance (F- ratio) was applied and it showed that there is no Significant difference ln competitive behaviour among the players of five different games. lt was also observed that the college players of five games was ‘AVERAGE’ in desired competitive behaviour
Ethical Issues in Educational Technology
Technology is a tool to facilitate learning and when used appropriately it can have remarkable effects on early childhood education. Technology and interactive media promote learning and development when used intentionally and within the framework of developmentally-appropriate practice to support learning goals and expand educational opportunities for all children, students and teachers use information technologies every day in the academic environment to perform different educational activities. The use of information technology (IT) has also raised new ethical issues. These technologies provide many benefits, but the unethical use of IT by students and teachers raises a major cyber-ethics and professional ethics debate in educational institutions. The purpose of ethics is to help us behave in an honorable way and live in a way that preserves the fundamental values that make us fully human.
Education, Learning, Opportunities, Technology
Challenges and Prospects of Implementing the National Education Policy 2020 in Himachal Pradesh
This research report explores the challenges and suggestions in the implementation of National Education Policy 2020 in Himachal Pradesh, India. NEP 2020 is a comprehensive reform policy to transform the Indian education system with emphasis on holistic and interdisciplinary education, experiential learning, technology integration, and skill development. However, the implementation of the policy faces challenges including inadequate capacity, resources, and infrastructure. The report offers suggestions to address these challenges including capacity building, stakeholder engagement, monitoring and evaluation, resource mobilization, local adaptation, and collaboration with the central government. Overall, the report highlights that NEP 2020, if implemented effectively, has the potential to transform the education system in Himachal Pradesh
National Education Policy 2020, Implementation, Himachal Pradesh, Challenges, Suggestions, Education Reform
Impact and Role of Solar Energy in Sustainable Development in India
Extensive fossil fuel consumption in almost all human activities led to some undesirable phenomena such as atmospheric and environmental pollutions. Consequently, global warming, greenhouse effect, climate change, ozone layer depletion and acid rain started to appear frequently. In order to avoid further impacts of these phenomena, the two concentrative alternatives are either to improve the fossil fuel quality or more significantly to replace fossil fuels with environment friendly, clean and renewable energy sources. It must be the main and common purpose of humanity to maintain environment for the betterment of future generations with sustainable energy developments and the known limits of fossil fuels force the societies of the world in the long run to work jointly for their continuing replacement by renewable energy alternatives rather than the quality enhancement of fossil sources. Among these renewable sources, solar energy comes at the top of the list due to its abundance, and even distribution in nature. Solar energy is environment friendly and a green energy source. Furthermore, it has identified the contributions of solar energy applications in creating jobs opportunities and enhancing ecological protection. Lastly, the standpoint of solar energy technology is drawn up in the application of the energy sector and affords a vision of future development in this field
Solar Energy, Solar Energy Applications, Sustainable Development
Psychological well-being is a fundamental aspect of students’ overall health, directly influencing academic performance and personal development. This article explores the significance of psychological well-being in educational settings, examining factors such as academic pressure, social relationships, and family environment. It also discusses strategies to enhance well-being, including promoting mental health awareness, creating supportive environments, and encouraging a balanced lifestyle. The article highlights the importance of integrating psychological well-being into educational policies and practices, suggesting that a holistic approach can lead to better academic and personal outcomes for students
Well Being, Psychological Well Being, Education
Role of Media & Hindi in the Changing Era
The present era is the era of globalization, marketism and disintegration of human relations. Marketism and the global principles of consumerism have influenced every sector of the present era. Media is the mirror of the changing era and society. Media powerfully presents the activities, problems and movements of the society on its mirror along with arguments and arguments. In the twenty-first century, the impact of changing paradigms and globalization is also found in the field of media. The media of the present era is no longer limited to only the traditional forms of print media, electronic media, publicity, public relations, advertising etc. Hindi language as a contact language is an important language in India. Therefore, Hindi as a powerful language can easily function as a medium of media. In this era of globalization and marketism, there has been a lot of change in the social concerns of media and Hindi language. In the present times, the media which works for the benefit of the society is becoming vulnerable to commercialism and both its content and character have changed. In the era of marketism, media and Hindi language have emerged as complements to each other. The development of both depends on their proper use. If both of these are used properly then the society will automatically develop.
Attitude of School Lecturers Towards Teaching Profession Inrelation to Locale
The present study was aimed to study Teachers Attitude towards Teaching Profession in relation to Locale. For this study 100 teachers were selected as a sample. Random sampling technique was used for sample selection. In the present study, a tool that was prepared by Dr.(Mrs.) Umme Kulsum, Senior Lecturers Department of Education, Bangalore University was used the name of the tool is Attitude Scale towards Teaching Profession for teachers which is used by the investigators in order to carry out the investigation successfully. The finding of the study shows that there is no significant difference between Attitude towards Teaching Profession in relation to Locale
Teaching Effectiveness Among Teacher Educators
Education is the foundation of National development. Education plays crucial part in the changing the behaviour of the peoples in desired way. Teacher is most important in the planning and execution of teaching learning process. Teacher’s knowledge, passion, Punctuality, discipline and dedication toward their profession are the important aspects of effectiveness in the classroom. The present research paper is focused to evaluate teaching effectiveness among Teacher Educators of the Hamirpur district in Himachal Pradesh. For this we have selected 100 teacher Educators by stratified sampling of probability sampling.
A Study of Professional Commitment of Teacher Educators
True education provides us the tools to improve the quality of education. Only a skilled teacher can impart right education so there is a need of teacher educators who are professionally committed. The teacher plays an important role in promoting and nurturing this profession and also plays a crucial role in educating and teaching the future teachers of the society. The major purpose of this research was to understand the professional commitment on the basis of teaching experience among the teacher educators teaching in the different B. Ed. and D. El. Ed. colleges of education in Hamirpur Bilaspur and Mandi districts of Himachal Pradesh. The data was collected from 100 teacher educators according to their sex, locality, qualification, NET qualification, teaching experience, & marital status. The convenient sampling technique was used for data collection. In the present study, Professional Commitment scale for teacher educators (PCSTE) prepared by Dr. Vishal Sood (2011) was used.
Education, Teacher Educators, Professional Commitment, Teaching Experience
Locale Differences in Learning Styles Among D.el.ed. Trainees
The present study was undertaken to study the different learning styles of D. El. Ed. trainees in district Hamirpur of Himachal Pradesh in relation to their Locale. A sample of 100 D. El. Ed. trainees was selected in this study through random sampling technique. The data was collected with the help of Learning Style Inventory of Karuna Shankar Misra (2012). The descriptive statistical techniques like Mean, Standard Deviation and the ‘t’-test were used for testing the hypothesis. The findings of the present study revealed that no significant difference exists in the learning style of Urban and Rural D. El. Ed. Trainees of district Hamirpur in Himachal Pradesh.
Professional Commitment Among College Teachers in Relation to Their Experience and Residence
Commitment is vital for all level of teachers, because it reflects interpretation of work experience as absorbing and meaningful. The commitment of the teacher is considered to be associated with his satisfaction with the job & attitude towards the profession. The present paper aims to find out the professional commitment of college teachers in relation to their experience and residence. In this study, professional commitment was treated as dependent variable, while experience and residence were treated as independent variables. The sample of the study consisted of 100 college teachers, that was collected by random sampling with the help of professional commitment scale for teachers by Kaur et al. (2008). The obtained data was analyzed by using Mean, SD and the ‘t’-test. The result of the current study found that the level of experience and residence does not have any significant role in professional commitment of college teachers.
Humour Styles of Secondary School Teachers in Relation to Their Family Type and Streams
Schools are making effort to ensure that their teachers are effective in every way in subject delivery. A lot of emphasis is placed on the curriculum in secondary schools but not on the methodology of delivery of the same. The main focus of this study was to investigate the extent to which secondary school teachers’ use humour while teaching and the effect of humour in their teaching. In this study humour Styles were treated a dependent variable, while family type and stream were treated as independent variable. The sample of the study consisted of 137 secondary school teachers, which were collected by random sampling with the help of humour styles questionnaire of Martin et al. (2003). The obtained data were analysed by using Mean, SD and the ‘t’-test. The finding of the study reported no difference in the humour styles among secondary school teachers in relation to their family type and stream
Environmental Awareness Among Primary School Students in Relation to Their Economic Status
The present study was undertaken to study the difference in level of environment awareness of primary school students in relation to their economic status. A sample of 100 primary school students was selected in this study through random sampling technique. The data was collected with the help of ‘Environment Awareness Scale’ constructed by Dr. Haseen Taj (2001). The descriptive statistical techniques like Mean, Standard Deviation and the ‘t’-test were used for testing the hypothesis. The finding of the study reported no significant difference in the level of environment awareness among primary school students in relation to their economic status.
Emotional and Educational Adjustment of Secondary School Students in Relation to Their Gender
Education is the ability to meet one’s life. How the child adjusts with unstable situations determines the success of life. The child’s adjustment is determined by a number of factors like Emotional, Social and Educational adjustment. The present study aims to study the adjustment ability among secondary school students in relation to their gender. The sample consists of 100 students with 50 boys and 50 girls which were drawn by simple random technique from different schools (IX, X, +1 and +2) standard of Bhoranj Block of Hamirpur district. The study was conducted by using descriptive survey method. Tool used in present study is developed by A.K.P. Sinha and R.P. Singh “Adjustment Inventory for School Students (AISS).” Mean, SD and ‘t’-test were used as the statistical techniques for the study. The findings of the present study revealed that no significant difference exists in the adjustment of boys and girls of secondary school students. However, present study indicated that mean scores of male students shows their better adjustment as compared to their counterparts.