Abstract
In a time when media, advertising, and public relations are all converging, media literacy has become a crucial indicator of effective communication and audience engagement. By examining people's perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors in response to persuasive communication, this study seeks to understand how media literacy affects advertising and public relations.
The study used a mixed-methods approach and recruited 300 participants for a quantitative survey while holding 12 focus group discussions (FGDs) to gather qualitative information. While theme analysis was performed on the FGDs, descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the survey data. The sample included people from a variety of demographic backgrounds, ensuring a thorough understanding of the study's goals. The survey's findings revealed a range of attitudes about advertisements, with the majority exhibiting favorable attitudes and a willingness to interact.
The focus group discussions gave complexity to these findings by demonstrating the complex processes impacting participants' opinions, even while dissatisfaction with commercials was indicated at various frequencies. It should be noted that media literacy has become a significant factor in determining attitudes, permitting selective engagement, and building resistance to manipulative tactics. The study also found a significant link between media literacy and purchase intent, with participants attributing their media literacy to better decision-making and greater faith in commercials.
Similarly, it has been discovered that media literacy influences public relations engagement patterns by enabling people to assess the veracity of communication initiatives, particularly in times of crisis. Overall, this study advances our knowledge of how media literacy fits into the changing world of persuasive communication. The mixed-methods approach allows a comprehensive assessment of the effects of media literacy on advertising and public relations by merging quantitative and qualitative findings. This study emphasizes the necessity of media literacy as a critical ability for navigating the complex media environment and successfully engaging with persuasive messages as media continues to affect perceptions and behaviours.
Keywords
References
- 1 .Dhillon, M., & Deepak, S. (2017). A body-image based media literacy intervention for Indian adolescent females. Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 13(1), 48–73. https://doi.org/10.1177/0973134220170104
- 2.Finucane, M. O., Seiter, L. M., &Gehlert, N. C. (2018). Teaching Social Justice: Intergenerational Service-Learning in Digital Media Course. Journal of Media Literacy Education, 10(1), 148–158. https://doi.org/10.23860/jmle-2018-10-1-8
- 3.Hobbs, R. (2018). Expanding the Concept of Literacy. In MEDIA LITERACY in the INFORMATION AGE(pp. 163–183). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351292924-7
- 4.Hobbs, R., Donnelly, K., Friesem, J., & Moen, M. (2013). Learning to engage: how positive attitudes about the news, media literacy, and video production contribute to adolescent civic engagement. Educational Media International, 50(4), 231–246. https://doi.org/10.1080/09523987.2013.862364
- 5.Holladay, S. J., & Coombs, W. T. (2013). Public relations literacy: Developing critical consumers of public relations. Public Relations Inquiry, 2(2), 125–14
- 6. https://doi.org/10.1177/2046147X134836736.Huda, M., & Hashim, A. (2022). Towards professional and ethical balance: insights into application strategy on media literacy education. Kybernetes, 51(3), 1280–1300. https://doi.org/10.1108/K-07-2017-0252
- 7.Jin, Y., Liu, B. F., & Austin, L. L. (2014). Examining the Role of Social Media in Effective Crisis Management. Communication Research, 41(1), 74–94. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650211423918
- 8.Maksl, A., Ashley, S., & Craft, S. (2015). Measuring News Media Literacy. Journal of Media Literacy Education. https://doi.org/10.23860/jmle-6-3-3
- 9.Malmelin, N. (2010). What is Advertising Literacy? Exploring the Dimensions of Advertising Literacy. Journal of Visual Literacy, 29(2), 129–142. https://doi.org/10.1080/23796529.2010.11674677
- 10.McMillan, S. J., & Hwang, J.-S. (2002). Measures of Perceived Interactivity: An Exploration of the Role of Direction of Communication, User Control, and Time in Shaping Perceptions of Interactivity. Journal of Advertising, 31(3), 29–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.2002.10673674
- 11.Ng, W. (2012). Can we teach digital natives digital literacy? Computers & Education, 59(3), 1065–1078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2012.04.016
- 12.Sarwatay, D., Raman, U., & Ramasubramanian, S. (2021). Media Literacy, Social Connectedness, and Digital Citizenship in India: Mapping Stakeholders on How Parents and Young People Navigate a Social World. Frontiers in Human Dynamics, 3. https://doi.org/10.3389/fhumd.2021.601239
- 13.Schivinski, B., & Dabrowski, D. (2016). The effect of social media communication on consumer perceptions of brands. Journal of Marketing Communications, 22(2), 189–214. https://doi.org/10.1080/13527266.2013.871323
- 14.Sturges, D. L. (1994). Communicating through Crisis. Management Communication Quarterly, 7(3), 297–316. https://doi.org/10.1177/0893318994007003004
- 15.Tugtekin, E. B., &Koc, M. (2020). Understanding the relationship between new media literacy, communication skills, and democratic tendency: Model development and testing. New Media & Society, 22(10), 1922–1941. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444819887705
- 16.Tully, M., Vraga, E. K., & Smithson, A.-B. (2020). News media literacy, perceptions of bias, and interpretation of news. Journalism, 21(2), 209–226. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884918805262
- 17.Xie, Q., Schauster, E., & Neill, M. S. (2018). Expectations for Advertisingand Public Relations Education From Agency Executives: A Comparative Study Between China and the United States. Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising, 39(3), 289–307. https://doi.org/10.1080/10641734.2018.1490358
